Lipids

Question 1

What is a lipid composed of?

Answer 1

glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 2

What is the function of a lipid?

Answer 2

• long term energy storage
• make up steroids (i.ei sex hormones)
• insulate large organs

Question 3

What are some examples of lipids, and what is an alternative name for a lipid?

Answer 3

Fat, oil, triglyceride, neutral fat

Question 4

What is the difference between fat and oil?

Answer 4

fat is solid @ room temperature and from animal origin, oil is liquid @ room temp and from plant origin

Question 5

What is a phospolipid composed of?

Answer 5

a polar head: phosphate, glycerol

non polar tails: 2 fatty acids

Question 6

What is the structure of a steroid? name three steroids

Answer 6

four carbon rings, differences vary based on O and OH groups, estrogen, testosterone, cholesterol

Question 7

What is the difference between phospholipids and fats?

Answer 7

instead of the third fatty acid, there is a phosphate group in the phospholipid

Question 8

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Answer 8

saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms (s), unsaturated fats have double bonds between carbon atoms that make a kink in the chain (l).

Question 9

What is a trans-fat?

Answer 9

hydrogenated unsaturated fats that are chemically made so oils can be a solid

Question 10

What is true for ALL lipids?

Answer 10

they are hydrophobic

Question 11

How can lipids disperse in water?

Answer 11

emulsifiers position themselves around oil molecules to form a sphere and disperse in water