Lipids

Question 1

Lipids are ____ _____ molecules that are insoluble in polar solvents like water

Answer 1

Non polar

Question 2

They are created through the process of __________ synthesis and contain carbon,hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 2

Dehydration

Question 3

Vitamins _____,______ and ______ will only dissolve in fat.

Answer 3

A,D,E

Question 4

What are the 4 types of lipids

Answer 4

Fats and oils
Phospholipids
Steroids
Waxes

Question 5

What are the two subunits of fat and oils

Answer 5

The first is the glycerol backbone and the second is the fatty acid chain

Question 6

Lacking any of the ________ ________ _______ will lead to skin lesions, poor ______ growth and a low ______ rate

Answer 6

Essentially fatty acids,hair, growth

Question 7

The fatty acid chain can be _________ or __________

Answer 7

Saturated or unsaturated

Question 8

Unsaturated = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Saturated= \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 8

No bonds, single bond

Question 9

Try here is a bend at the location of each _____ bond

Answer 9

Double

Question 10

Unsaturated fat can be _______________ and can also be _____________ with more than one double bond

Answer 10

Monosaturated, polyunsaturated

Question 11

________ fats are created in factories

Answer 11

Trans

Question 12

Hydrogenated fats are created via the process of _________

Answer 12

Hydrogenation

Question 13

Polyunsaturated ___________ oil is blasted with __________ atoms and the double bonds are removed as ________ atoms are forced into the carbon backbone forming a trans fat

Answer 13

Vegetable,hydrogen,hydrogen

Question 14

A fat or ____ results when a glycerol molecule combined with ____,_____,______fatty acids to form a mono,do,triglyceride

Answer 14

Oils,1,2,3

Question 15

The most common are __________

Answer 15

Triglycerides

Question 16

What are the two types of essential fatty acids

Answer 16

Omega 3,Omega 6

Question 17

What percentage of people do not enough omega 3’s

Answer 17

99%

Question 18

What is the consumptions ratio of omega 6’s to omega 3’s

Answer 18

15TBSP of omega 6’s and one TBSP of omega 3’s

Question 19

What types of oils are providing us with omega 6’s and what type of food products are they typically found in

Answer 19

Vegatable oils such as corn and soy oil, used in processed food which is where we get most of our omega 6’s

Question 20

What type of bond links the carbon molecules together in the backbone

Answer 20

The type of bond is single.

Question 21

How many bonds must a carbon atom make

Answer 21

4

Question 22

What “state” of matter does a saturated fat take at room temperature

Answer 22

Solids

Question 23

What “state” of matter does an unsaturated fat take at room temperature

Answer 23

Liquids

Question 24

What types of oils/food contain monounsaturated fats

Answer 24

Olive,canola,soybean oil

Question 25

How do polyunsaturated fats differ from monounsaturated fats

Answer 25

Contains multiple carbon atoms with only one hydrogen atom and more than one double bond between carbons in the molecule

Question 26

How does a cis fat become a trans fat

Answer 26

Extra hydrogen atoms are added to the polyunsaturated fat These extra hydrogen atoms break the double bond between some of the carbon They then attach to the “unsaturated” carbon atoms

Question 27

The difference between trans and cis fat

Answer 27

With trans , the hydrogen of the fatty acid chain on the opposite side of the chain. Cis fat contains the both hydrogen in one side of the fatty acid chain

Question 28

How does the new arrangement of hydrogen atoms affect the shape and texture of the unsaturated fat

Answer 28

The shape is straight and the texture is solid

Question 29

Heart attack strikes once every _____ seconds in North America

Answer 29

34

Question 30

What is the prime suspect for heart attacks

Answer 30

Cholesterol

Question 31

What are two big sources of cholesterol

Answer 31

Eggs and shellfish

Question 32

Statin doesn’t prevent 60% to 80% of what

Answer 32

Cardiac events

Question 33

How many double bonds along the carbon backbone does a monosaturated fat have

Answer 33

1

Question 34

The difference between trans and natural trans fats

Answer 34

Natural trans fats are different and does not increase your risk of heart disease

Question 35

Phospholipid diagram (top to bottom)

Answer 35

Polar head,phosphate head(on the right), unsaturated fatty acid chain (right side), saturated fatty acid chain (left side), non polar lipid tail (bottom)

Question 36

Wax’s are long obtained fatty acid which are combined with a long chained ______

Answer 36

Alcohol

Question 37

They are _______ in water

Answer 37

Insoluble

Question 38

They provide a water _____ layer for leaves,______,feathers and _____ amongst other things

Answer 38

Proof,fruit,fur