Lipids and Lipoproteins Flashcards
Chylomicron Apolipoproteins
ApoB48: Transport in blood
ApoCII: Activates lipoprotein lipase
ApoE: Liver uptake
VLDL Apoplipoproteins
ApoB100: Binds LDL receptor for uptake
ApocII: Activates lipoprotein lipase
ApoE: Liver uptake
IDL Apolipoproteins
ApoB100: Binds LDL receptor for uptake
ApoE: Liver uptake
LDL Apolipoproteins
ApoB100: Binds LDL receptor for uptake
HDL Apolipoproteins
ApoAI: Activates cholesterol ester enzyme (LCAT)
ApocII: Activates lipoprotein lipase
ApoE: Liver uptake
Type I Hyperlipoproteinemia
Hyperchylomicronemia
Defect in ApocII or Lipoprotein Lipase
Increases chylomicrons and TAGs
Presents with Xanthomas
Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia
Hypercholesterolemia
Defect in LDL receptor for ApoB100 causing decreased LDL uptake
Increases blood cholesterol leading to atherosclerosis
Increased CAD risk and Xanthomas present
Fatty Acyl CoA Synthetase
Action and Location
Turns Fatty Acids into Fatty Acyl CoA
Used by intestines, liver and adipocytes
Glycerol 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
Action and Location
Turns Glucose into Glycerol 3-Phosphate
Used by liver and adipocytes
Glycerol Kinase
Action and Location
Turns Glycerol into Glycerol 3-Phosphate
Used only by liver
Capillary Lipoprotein Lipase
Action and Location
Breaks down Chylomicrons and VLDLs into Fatty Acids
Used to start adipocyte TAG synthesis
Lipoprotein Lipase
Action and Location
Turns DAGs into MAGs and Fatty Acid
Used by adipocytes for TAG breakdown
Hormone Sensitive Lipase
Action, Location and Regulation
Turns TAGs into DAGs and Fatty Acid
Used by adipocytes
Upregulated by glucagon, Epinephrine and NE
Downregulated by insulin
Mono Acyl Glycerol Lipase
Action and Location
Turns MAGs into Glycerol and Fatty Acid
Used by adipocytes
