Lipids & Membranes Flashcards
What are the TWO basic properties of biomembranes?
- Impermeable to water-soluble solutes
- Extremely stable
How thick is a lipid bilayer?
3-5nm
TRUE OR FALSE:
Membrane lipids are amphipathic?
True.
* Polar Head - hydrophilic
* Non-polar Tail - hydrophobic
What is the basic structure of a Glycerophospholipid?
- 3x Carbon groups
- 2x Fatty Acid tails
- 1x Phosphate group
TRUE OR FALSE:
Both FA tails on a Glycerophospholipid are saturated fatty acids?
False.
There is 1x SATURATED (no double bond) and 1x UNSATURATED (double bond) FA
What is the basic structure of a Sphingolipid?
- Sphingosine backbone
- Fatty acid attached via amide link to C2
Where are Sphingolipids likely to be found in the body?
ABO blood groups
A defect in a lysosomal enzyme Hexosaminidase A causes which disease?
Tay-Sachs Disease
A defect in the Sphingomyelinase enzyme causes which disease?
Niemann Pick Disease
What is the basic structure of a sterol?
- 3x 6-sided ring
- 1x 5-sided ring
What types of FA chains INCREASE membrane fluidity?
- Unsaturated fatty acyl chains
- Short fatty acyl chains
What type of FA DECREASES membrane fluidity?
Sterols (Cholesterol in animals)
Which lipid types are most commonly found in Lipid Rafts?
Sphingolipids & Cholesterol
Which proteins are most commonly found in Lipid Rafts?
- GPI-linked proteins
- Doubly acylated proteins
What are TWO possible functions of Lipid Rafts?
- Concentrate certain proteins/lipids together
- Transmembrane signalling