Lipids Review

Question 1

do saturated or unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points?

Answer 1

unsat have lower melting temp

cis is lower than trans

shorter fatty acids lower than longer ones

Question 2

compare the flexibility and bonds of saturated vs unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 2

sat = more flexible
–only has single bonds

unsaturated = at least one double bond
—this creates a bend that cannot be rotated about

Question 3

cis vs trans unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 3

cis = bend more/ same side

trans = opposite/ bend less

Question 4

dietary sources of lipids

Answer 4

saturated
–animal fats - butter/lard

unsat - cis
–plant oils

unsat - trans
–processed fats

Question 5

examples of saturated lipids

Answer 5

lauric
myristic
palmitic
stearic
arachidic
behenic
lignoceric acids

Question 6

examples of cis-unsaturated lipids

Answer 6

palmitoleic
oleic
linoleic
linolenic
arachidonic acids: EPA and DHA

Question 7

examples of trans-unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 7

partially hydrogenated oils

Question 8

lipids structure

Answer 8

fatty acids form micelles

1 FA = wedge shape
joins w/ other to form sphere=micelle

in order to hide the hydrophobic w/in

Question 9

naming of fatty acids

Answer 9

numbered carboxyl to methyl end

saturated = an
unsaturated = en
1 db = en, 2 db = di-en, etc

oic acid = protonated/acid
oate = deprotonated/conjugate base

Question 10

what are the numbers in parentheses

Answer 10

(#C’s:# of db’s)

Question 11

omega fatty acid naming

Answer 11

named for the position of the db closest to the methyl end

Question 12

list the omega-6 fatty acids to know

Answer 12

1. linoleic acid 18:2
2. arachidonic acid 20:4
3. docosapentaenoic acid 22:5

Question 13

what omega fatty acids cannot be synthesized by humans?

Answer 13

1. linoleic acid 18:2

2. linolenic acid 18:3

Question 14

what is ALA? what is LA?

Answer 14

linolenic acid

linoleic acid

Question 15

what is EPA?

Answer 15

eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5

Question 16

what is DHA?

Answer 16

docosahexaenoic acid 22:6

Question 17

the body _______ converts ALA into 2 other fatty acids

Answer 17

inefficiently

EPA 20:5
DHA 22:6

Question 18

why are omega fatty acids important?

Answer 18

• -are used in pm
• -common nrg source
• -promote good health by improving heart health

Question 19

list the fatty acids to know

Answer 19

laurate
myristate
palmitate
stearate
arachidate
behenate
lignocerate
palmitoleate
oleate
linoleate
linolenate
arachidonate
DHA
EPA

Question 20

12:0

Answer 20

laurate

Question 21

14:0

Answer 21

myristate

Question 22

16:0

Answer 22

palmitate

Question 23

18:0

Answer 23

stearate

Question 24

20:0

Answer 24

arachidate

Question 25

22:0

Answer 25

behenate

Question 26

24:0

Answer 26

lignocerate

Question 27

16:1

Answer 27

palmitoleate

Question 28

18:1

Answer 28

oleate

Question 29

18:2

Answer 29

linoleate

Question 30

18:3

Answer 30

linolenate

Question 31

20:4

Answer 31

arachidonate

Question 32

20:5

Answer 32

EPA

Question 33

22:6

Answer 33

DHA

Question 34

laurate

Answer 34

12 0

Question 35

myristate

Answer 35

14 0

Question 36

palmitate

Answer 36

16 0

Question 37

stearate

Answer 37

18 0

Question 38

arachidate

Answer 38

20 0

Question 39

behenate

Answer 39

22 0

Question 40

lignocerate

Answer 40

24 0

Question 41

palmitoleate

Answer 41

16 1

Question 42

oleate

Answer 42

18 1

Question 43

linoleate

Answer 43

18 2

Question 44

linolenate

Answer 44

18 3

Question 45

arachidonate

Answer 45

20:4

Question 46

how are waxes similar to TAGs?

Answer 46

just have a alcohol instead of glycerol

Question 47

TAGs

Answer 47

triacylglycerol polar head = glycerol w/ 3 hydrophobic tails = 3 fatty acid chains