Liquid Preparation (pt. 1)

Question 1

3 ways of dispensing liquid preparations

Answer 1

1. in ORIGINAL CONTAINER
2. REPACKING BULK product upon prescription presentation
3. COMPOUNDING (soln, susp, emul) in the dispensary

Question 2

4 Classifications of Liq Preps

Answer 2

1. solutions (one phase system)
2. mixtures (two phase system)
3. galenicals (extractives)
4. sterile products

Question 3

examples of oral solutions

Answer 3

SESA TF

syrup, elixir, spirits, aromatic water, tincture, fluidextracts

Question 4

4 basis of classifying solutions

Answer 4

1. physical properties
2. methods of prep
3. use
4. type of ingredients

Question 5

homogenous mixtures dissolved in suitable solvent

Answer 5

oral solutions

Question 6

oral solutions can also be mixtures of ____________ solvents

Answer 6

mutually miscible

Question 7

advantages of solns as oral dosage forms

Answer 7

1. easy to swallow (for pediatric and geriatric px)
2. absorption
3. uniform distribution (due to homogenous system)

Question 8

disadvantages of oral solns

Answer 8

1. bulky (inconvenient)
2. poor stability
3. prone to microbial growth (need preservatives)
4. dose in 5mL or multiples of 5mL
5. pronounced unpleasant taste

Question 9

requirements for a successful design and formulation

Answer 9

scientific activity + pharmaceutical activity

Question 10

design and formulation considerations

Answer 10

1. drug conc
2. solubility
3. selection of liq vehicle
4. physicochemical stability
5. preservation
6. excipients (buffers, solubilizers, sweetening agents, viscosity controllers, color, and flavor)

Question 11

concentration of the dissolved solute in a saturated solution at a given time

Answer 11

solubility

Question 12

process by which the apparent solubility of a poorly water soluble substances is increased

Answer 12

solubilization

Question 13

T/F: Any material can be solubilized in any solvent by proper choice of solubilzing agent

Answer 13

T

Question 14

5 solubilization techniques

Answer 14

1. addition of cosolvent
2. salt formation
3. prodrug method
4. micellization

Question 15

involves the formation of precipitate, less soluble polymorph, adsorption of the drug substances onto container surfaces, microbial and product appearance

Answer 15

physical stability

Question 16

acceptability of the product is a _______________________ and includes properties such as color, odor, taste and clarity

Answer 16

subjective evaluation

Question 17

aq solutions

Answer 17

1. purified water
2. water for inj

Question 18

ways to obtain purified water

Answer 18

1. deionization
2. distillation
3. ion exchange
4. reverse osmosis
5. filtration

Question 19

waters used for parenteral administration

Answer 19

1. water for inj
2. bacteriostatic water for inj
3. sterile water for inj

Question 20

major impurities in water

Answer 20

Ca, Fe, Mg, Si, Na