Literary Chinese I (Fall)

Question 1

鴉鳴於樹上。兒以石擊之。父曰。何以擊鴉。兒曰。人言鵲之鳴吉。鴉之鳴凶。今鳴者鴉也。以故擊之。父曰。人之智高於鳥之智。人不能知吉凶。鳥何以能知之。

Answer 1

吉凶: A crow calls on a tree. A child hits it with a rock. The father says, “Why did you hit the crow?” The son says, “People say, ‘The call of the magpie is auspicious but the call of the crow is inauspicious.’ Today, the one that calls is a crow. I hit it for this reason.” The father says, “People’s intelligence is greater than that of birds. People cannot know auspiciousness, how can birds?”

Question 2

鴉

Answer 2

N. Crow

Question 3

鳴

Answer 3

IV. To call out (usually of an animal or a bell)

Question 4

於

Answer 4

CV. At, to, in, towards, with respect to

Question 5

樹

Answer 5

N. Tree

Question 6

上

Answer 6

Placeword. Above, top
IV. To rise, to go up
TV. To cause to go up, to present

Question 7

兒

Answer 7

N. Child (usually male), son

Question 8

以

Answer 8

CV. Using, with, by means of, for the reason that

Question 9

石

Answer 9

N. Stone, rock

Question 10

擊

Answer 10

TV. To hit, to strike

Question 11

之

Answer 11

Pronoun. for objects
Particle. joins a modifier with the “head”

Question 12

父

Answer 12

N. Father

Question 13

曰

Answer 13

TV. To say (always needs to be followed by direct speech)

Question 14

何

Answer 14

Interrogative Pronoun. What

Question 15

何以

Answer 15

Interrogative Coverb. By what, for what

Question 16

人

Answer 16

N. Person, people, others

Question 17

言

Answer 17

TV. To say, to speak about

Question 18

鵲

Answer 18

N. Magpie

Question 19

吉

Answer 19

SV. Auspicious, lucky, of good omen, beneficial

Question 20

凶

Answer 20

SV. Inauspicious, unlucky, of ill omen, harmful

Question 21

吉凶

Answer 21

N. Luck, fate, fortune

Question 22

今

Answer 22

Timeword. Now, the present
ADV. At present

Question 23

者

Answer 23

Particle. The one who… (indicates the end of a noun phrase)

Question 24

也

Answer 24

Particle. Marking a verbless predicate (XY也 means X is tantamount to Y)

Question 25

故

Answer 25

N. An event, past event, a cause, a reason, past relationships Timeword. The past

Question 26

以故

Answer 26

Conjunction. For this reason, therefore

Question 27

高

Answer 27

SV. High, tall

Question 28

鳥

Answer 28

N. Bird

Question 29

智

Answer 29

N. Intelligence SV. Wise

Question 30

不

Answer 30

ADV. Not (negates verbs)

Question 31

能

Answer 31

SV. To be capable N. Ability

Question 32

知

Answer 32

TV. To know, to be aware, to understand N. Knowledge, ability, awareness

Question 33

譯

Answer 33

TV. To translate

Question 34

文

Answer 34

N. A pattern of lines, a design, written character, piece of written work, literature, learning, culture, civilization V. To embellish SV. embellished, learned, civil

Question 35

影

Answer 35

N. Shadow, reflection, appearance

Question 36

夕

Answer 36

Timeword. The evening ADV. In the evening

Question 37

群

Answer 37

Measure. A flock, a herd, a group IV. To form a group, to live in a group

Question 38

戯

Answer 38

IV. To play TV. To play with, to tease, to make game of, to make fun of N. A playing

Question 39

院

Answer 39

N. A surrounding wall, an area surrounding by a wall (by synecdoche), a courtyard

Question 40

中

Answer 40

Placeword. The middle N. The one in the middle

Question 41

明

Answer 41

SV. Bright, clear, luminous TV. To make bright, to make clear, to understand Timeword. Ming dynasty

Question 42

月

Answer 42

N. Moon ADV. Monthly, month by month

Question 43

初

Answer 43

Timeword. The beginning, the first ADV. For the first time

Question 44

滿

Answer 44

IV. To be full, to overflow TV. To flood, to fill, to cover

Question 45

地

Answer 45

N. The earth, ground, territory

Question 46

皆

Answer 46

Particle. In all cases, equally

Question 47

樂

Answer 47

IV. To be happy N. Happiness, joy

Question 48

有

Answer 48

TV. To have, there is

Question 49

頃

Answer 49

Measure. A short period of time, 100 mu of area

Question 50

有頃

Answer 50

Sentence Adjunct. After a while

Question 51

忽

Answer 51

SV. Sudden, abrupt ADV. Suddenly, abruptly

Question 52

覺

Answer 52

TV. To feel, to sense

Question 53

隨

Answer 53

TV. To follow CV. Following, after, along with

Question 54

甚

Answer 54

SV. Great, greater, better, more, worse, excessive ADV. Very

Question 55

恐

Answer 55

IV. To be afraid

Question 56

急

Answer 56

IV. To feel hurried, to feel anxious, to be concerned TV. To feel hurried or anxious about something, to treat as urgent ADV. Hurriedly, anxiously

Question 57

告

Answer 57

TV. To tell someone something

Question 58

其

Answer 58

Nominalizing Adjunct Substitute. His, her, its, etc. Initial Particle. Giving an imperative, intensifying an exclamatory sentence, adding to the rhetorical force, giving presumptive force to a question

Question 59

友

Answer 59

N. Friend, associate

Question 60

汝

Answer 60

Pronoun. Thou, you, thy, your (informal)

Question 61

乃

Answer 61

Conjunction. Then, thereupon, consequently (cannot be used to express a purely logical connection), for the first time, at last, is in fact, is none other than

Question 62

當

Answer 62

TV. To be one or at or in, to be involved in, to undertake, to be equal to, to match or resist or meet CV. At, on

Question 63

行

Answer 63

N. Road IV. To walk, travel, act

Question 64

下

Answer 64

Placeword. Below N. Those below, inferiors

Question 65

時

Answer 65

N. time, season, period IV. To be one time, to be in season ADV. at that time, sometimes, frequently

Question 66

當時

Answer 66

At that time, when

Question 67

遂

Answer 67

TV. To follow Conjunction. Subsequently, accordingly, then

Question 68

忘

Answer 68

TV. To forget

Question 69

知命者不怨天，知己者不怨人。

Answer 69

The one who knows fate does not resent the higher powers, the one who knows oneself does not resent others.

Question 70

禍生於欲德，福生於自禁。聖人以心導耳目，小人以耳目導心。

Answer 70

Disaster results from desire, prosperity results from self-control. The wise person lets his mind guide his senses, the petty person lets his senses guide his mind.

Question 71

為善者天報以德，為不善者天報以禍。

Answer 71

For good people heaven repays with kindness, for wicked people heaven repays with disaster.

Question 72

命

Answer 72

TV. To command N. Fate

Question 73

怨

Answer 73

TV. To resent N. Resentment, grievance

Question 74

天

Answer 74

N. Sky, heavens, Powers That Be

Question 75

己

Answer 75

N. Oneself (appearing as a direct object)

Question 76

禍

Answer 76

N. Disaster, misfortune, bad luck

Question 77

生

Answer 77

IV. To be born, to arise from, to be alive TV. To birth, to raise, to grow N. Master, mister, life

Question 78

欲

Answer 78

TV. To desire, to want, about to (marking further action)

Question 79

得

Answer 79

TV. To get, to obtain, to succeed in (accompanying another word) N. Gain, profit

Question 80

福

Answer 80

N. Good fortune, prosperity

Question 81

自

Answer 81

Pronoun. Oneself, placing emphasis on the subject ADV. Personally, naturally, spontaneously

Question 82

禁

Answer 82

TV. To control, to restrain, to prohibit

Question 83

聖

Answer 83

N. Sage, wise person, saint SV. Wise, sagely

Question 84

心

Answer 84

N. Heart, mind, state of mind, attitude, source of emotion and thinking

Question 85

導

Answer 85

TV. To guide, to lead

Question 86

耳

Answer 86

N. Ear

Question 87

目

Answer 87

N. Eyes V. To look at

Question 88

小

Answer 88

SV. Little, petty, insignificant

Question 89

為

Answer 89

V. To do, to make, to be, to become For the sake of Marks a passive sentence pattern

Question 90

善

Answer 90

SV. Good, excellent, virtuous V. To be good or skilled at something

Question 91

報

Answer 91

TV. To repay, to reward, to avenge, to report N. Revenge, report

Question 92

德

Answer 92

N. Virtue, power, good deed