lithuanian

Question 1

Why they came

Answer 1

–stepping stone for usa

–catholic community already established and jobs available in heavy industry

Question 2

Coalmining

Answer 2

1870s coal and iron firms recruited lithuanians for unskilled labour-housing provided, wives and kids could follow after positive letters

Question 3

Where they settled

Answer 3

Lanarkshire and ayrshire-where coalfields were

Question 4

Problems between lithuanians and scots

Answer 4

Keir hardie accused them of driving down wages and breaking strikes

Question 5

Coal mine hostility

Answer 5

Notorious for anti catholic bigotry and were frequently referred to as poles

Question 6

Social assimilation

Answer 6

Poor- visible as distinct cultural group, clustered into few streets
No mix marriages in 1st gen and socialised within own community

Question 7

Political assimilation

Answer 7

–Common interest of improving wages and working conditions-valuable contributors to unionist movement
–increased when socialist political refugees arrived from russia after failed 1905 revolution

Question 8

union/socialist contribution

Answer 8

–participated in miners’ strikes 1912 & 1921

–miners federation of GB, started printing rules in lithuanian and extended benefits to all immigrants

Question 9

religion

Answer 9

–attended mass together

–society of saint casimir published books on roman cath faith in lithuanian

Question 10

Decline of community

Answer 10

–next 2 generations lithuanians abandoned distinct identity
–inter marriage more common
–kids taught english and new culture- peer pressured from friends to conform