Liver

Question 1

posterior relations to the liver

Answer 1

1. diaphragm
2. RK
3. hepatic flexure of the colon
4. duodenum
5. gallbladder
6. IVC
7. esophagus
8. fundus of stomach

Question 2

areas of the liver that arent covered by peritoneum

Answer 2

• area that rest directly on the diaphragm (bare area)
• IVC fossa
• porta hepatis
• GB fossa

Question 3

2 liver surfaces

Answer 3

1. diaphragmatic
2. visceral

Question 4

liver visceral surface

Answer 4

posterior aspect
outlined by the sshape of the surrounding organs

Question 5

the falciform ligament attaches

Answer 5

the anterior surfae of the liver to the anterior abdomnal wall

Question 6

ligament of teres divides the left lobe into

Answer 6

medial and lateral segments

Question 7

ligament venosum sits…

Answer 7

the caudate lobe and the left lobe

Question 8

quadrate lobe

Answer 8

lobe on the inferior surface of the liver between the GB fossa and the fissure for the round ligament

Question 9

riedels lobe

Answer 9

tounge like extension of the right lobe

Question 10

common causes of fatty infiltration

Answer 10

alcohol
diabetes mellitus
obesity
severe hepatitis
chronic illnes
steroids

Question 11

symptoms of fatty infiltration

Answer 11

typically no symptoms
liver may be enlarged

Question 12

lab values of fatty infiltration

Answer 12

normal to increased ALT AST
increased ALP direct bilirubin

Question 13

fatty infiltration on ultrasound

Answer 13

difficult to see vessels or structures in the liver
increased echogenicity

Question 14

hepatitis lab values

Answer 14

increase ALT, AST
increase bilirubin
will be higher than cirrhosis

Question 15

hep c can lead to

Answer 15

cirrhosis

Question 16

acute hepatitis on ultrasound

Answer 16

increase in echogenicity

Question 17

chronic hepatitis on ultrasound

Answer 17

heterogeneous and echogenic liver texture

Question 18

end stage cirrhosis has

Answer 18

liver cell failure and portal hypertension
increased incidence of hepatoma

Question 19

cirrhosis symptoms

Answer 19

fatigue
bruising
itchy and jaundice skin
ascites
nausea
swelling in legs
weight loss

Question 20

poly cystic liver disease LFTS

Answer 20

normal

Question 21

poly cystic liver disease is more common in

Answer 21

women

Question 22

poly cystic liver disease on ultrasound

Answer 22

multiple cyst
loss of border definition

Question 23

inflammatory diseases of the liver

Answer 23

pyogenic abscess
hepatic candidiasis
amebic abscess
hydatid cyst

Question 24

inflammatory diseases of the liver symptoms

Answer 24

ELEVATED WBC
dark color urine
diarrhea
chills,vomiting,fever

Question 25

sources of infection for a pyogenic abscess

Answer 25

**most frequent from E coli ** * cholangitis * colitis * direct spread from other organ

Question 26

pyogenic abscess lab values

Answer 26

* elevated LFT * leukocytosis and anemia

Question 27

pyogenic abscess on ultrasound

Answer 27

***** **Most common on right lobe of the liver** * complex

Question 28

hepatic candidiasis is caused by

Answer 28

fungus

Question 29

Who does hepatic candidiasis usually occur in

Answer 29

immunocompromised host

Question 30

hepatic candidiasis on ultrasound

Answer 30

small hypoechoic masses with echogenic central cores

Question 31

what is amebic abscess primarily a disease of

Answer 31

the colon but spreads to the liver parenchyma via the portal vein

Question 32

echinococcal cyst is

Answer 32

from sheep and spread when food or water contains parasites

Question 33

echinococcal cyst on ultrasound

Answer 33

**daughter cyst** simple cyst

Question 34

hemangioma occurs usually where

Answer 34

right lobe of the liver

Question 35

hemangioma is the most

Answer 35

common benign tumor of the liver

Question 36

liver cell adenoma has an increase incidence due to

Answer 36

use of oral contraceptives

Question 37

focal nodular hyperplasia

Answer 37

increased incidence with oral contraceptives rare

Question 38

all malignant hepatic tumor have elevated what?

Answer 38

alpha feto protein

Question 39

malignant hepatic tumor symptoms

Answer 39

**weight loss** hepatomegaly fatigue vomiting and nausea

Question 40

hepatoblastoma occurs in adults or children?

Answer 40

infants and children during the first 3 yrs of life

Question 41

primary sites for metastatic disease to the liver

Answer 41

colon breast lung

Question 42

spread of the cancer occurs through...

Answer 42

* portal vein * lymphatics * hepatic artery * direct extension

Question 43

symptoms of a hematoma

Answer 43

* **drop in hematocrit level** * tenderness * distention * abd pain