Liver 2 Flashcards
What are symptoms of acute hepatitis?
Jaundice
Dark Coloured urine
Fever
Fatigue
Poor Appetite
N/V
Abdominal Pain
Routes of infection for acute hepatitis caused by bacterial, parasital, helminthic
- Ascending choleangitis
- Blood
- Pylephlbitis
Causes of localised hepatitis caused by bacterial, parasites or helminths?
Abscess (bacterial/amoebic [entemoba histolyitca]
Hydatid cyst (echinococcus)
Effects of diffuse hepatitis caused by bacterial, parasites or helminths?
Mild hepatic inflammation and varying hepatocellular cholestasis
Granulomatous disseminated disease - fungal, mycobacterial, parasitic (schistosoma)
Dilated intrahepatic ducts - liver flukes (high rate of cholangiocarcinoma)
What is the appearance of miliary TB?
- Epitheloid Histiocytes, lymphocytes, Langhans giant cells – granulomas
appearance of amoebic abscess?
large cavity lined by necrotic shaggy tissue
lack inflammatory cells due to liquefactive necrosis
Clinical presenation of autoimmune hepatitis?
Acute/fulminant; scarring; indolent
Features of autoimmune hepatitis?
- Genetic disposition (HLA-association)
- Associated with other AI diseases
- Presence of autoantibodies (ANA, SMA, antiSLA/LP, AMA and anti-LKM1)
- response to immunosuppression
what triggers autoimmune hepatitis?
viral infections and drugs
Histologic features of AIH?
Portal lymphoplasmyctic infiltrate + lobular hepatitis
Mechanisms of injury of DILI?
Direct toxicity
hepatic conversion of xenobiotic to active toxin
immune mediated mechanisms
histology for DILI?
cholestatic, hepatocellular, steatosis, combination
