Liver 2 Test Prep

Question 1

All of the following statements are true about the features most often observed in an extrahepatic mass except:

Answer 1

Internal invagination of the liver capsule

Question 2

Fatty infiltrative disease has the same echo appearance as which pathology?

Answer 2

Cirrhosis

Question 3

The functional or true right and left intrahepatic lobar divisions are between what structures?

Answer 3

Inferior vena cava and gallbladder fossa

Question 4

Hepatocellular disease can be defined as a process that affects the:

Answer 4

Hepatocytes and interferes with liver function

Question 5

Fatty infiltration may be observed in all patients except those with:

Answer 5

Hepatoportal fistula

Question 6

As a blood reservoir, the liver has the capacity to enlarge and store how much blood?

Answer 6

200 to 400 mL

Question 7

All of the following statements are true about the features most often observed in an intrahepatic mass except

Answer 7

Anterior displacement of the right kidney

Question 8

This is the term that describes embryonic production of blood cells?

Answer 8

/

Question 9

Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder caused by obstruction of the

Answer 9

Hepatic veins

Question 10

Diminished vascular structures within the liver parenchyma most likely represent

Answer 10

Cirrhosis

Question 11

What Doppler signal would be expected in the portal vein of a patient with portal hypertension?

Answer 11

Hepatofugal flow

Question 12

Elevation of serum bilirubin results in:

Answer 12

Jaundice

Question 13

Common malignancies affecting the pediatric population include all of the following except:

Answer 13

Hepatoblastoma

Question 14

To visualize the normal or abnormal anatomical areas of the subdiaphragmatic, subhepatic, and hepatorenal spaces, the sonographer would select what anatomic scanning location?

Answer 14

Subcostal

Question 15

On a longitudinal image, which of the following major vessels is located to the right of midline with the cephalic portion curving ventrally?

Answer 15

Inferior vena cave

Question 16

Patients who have hepatocellular carcinoma are more likely to have had

Answer 16

Cirrhosis

Question 17

Which scanning plane should the sonographer initially select to best visualize the lower liver segment?

Answer 17

Right posterior oblique

Question 18

What benign liver tumor has been found in patients with type I glycogen storage disease?

Answer 18

Adenoma

Question 19

Echinococcal cysts have the highest incidence in countries in which:

Answer 19

Sheep grazing is common

Question 20

Dilated intrahepatic bile ducts may be seen with all of the following except:

Answer 20

Gallstones in the fundus of the gallbladder

Question 21

This organ is on the left lateral border of the liver is often demarcated by strong C-shaped echoes?

Answer 21

Stomach

Question 22

Jim MacDonald, a sheep farmer, arrives at the hospital with right upper quadrant pain, fever, and an elevated white blood cell count. He states that 3 months earlier, he was kicked in the ribs. An irregular mass showing low-level echoes is found on the sonogram. What is your differential diagnosis?

Answer 22

Echinococcal cyst

Question 23

If a malignant neoplasm appears as an anechoic mass, what is a likely explanation for this echo characteristic?

Answer 23

The central liquefaction of necrosis

Question 24

What is the most likely explanation when a 43-year-old woman is clinically jaundiced and has a marked elevated serum conjugated (direct reading) bilirubin level?

Answer 24

Obstructive jaundice

Question 25

Sonographic findings of acute hepatitis include:

Answer 25

Brightness and overall decreased echogenicity of liver

Question 26

What straddles the midline, is superior to the head of the pancreas, and is anterior to the inferior vena cava?

Answer 26

Caudate lobe

Question 27

What is the location of a mass detected anterior and to the left of the ligamentum venosum?

Answer 27

Left lobe

Question 28

porta hepatis (portal triad) contains the portal vein, hepatic artery, and what other structure?

Answer 28

Common hepatic duct

Question 29

In severe hepatocellular destruction, the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels are:

Answer 29

High

Question 30

Which vessel supplies the liver with oxygen-rich blood?

Answer 30

Portal vein

Question 31

What area is carefully scanned on a follow-up examination on a patient with a history of cavernous transformation?

Answer 31

Porta hepatis

Question 32

What vascular tumor is composed of blood vessel cells with a nonspecific sonographic appearance?

Answer 32

Hemangioma

Question 33

The most common site for echinococcal virus growth is in the:

Answer 33

Liver

Question 34

Elevation of alkaline phosphatase is associated with:

Answer 34

Biliary obstruction

Question 35

What separates the intrahepatic right lobe from the left lobe?

Answer 35

Main lobar fissure

Question 36

Which of the following imaging modalities is considered noninvasive?

Answer 36

Sonography

Question 37

What structure along with the left hepatic vein separates the left hepatic lobe from the caudate lobe?

Answer 37

Ligamentum venosum fissure

Question 38

The fossae of the right portal vein (RPV) and gallbladder are found in the:

Answer 38

Main lobar fissure

Question 39

A marked increase of AST variance, greater than 1,000 U/mL, is clinically indicative of what pathology?

Answer 39

Acute severe fulminating hepatitis

Question 40

The liver is suspended from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall by the:

Answer 40

Falciform ligament

Question 41

Severe sound attenuation is associated with which pathology?

Answer 41

Cirrhosis

Question 42

The most common form of neoplastic involvement of the liver is

Answer 42

Metastases

Question 43

Which one of the following tumors consists of large blood-filled spaces?

Answer 43

Cavernous hemangiomas

Question 44

In which vessels does the right branch bifurcate into an anterior branch and a posterior branch?

Answer 44

Portal vein

Question 45

The falciform ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plane containing the:

Answer 45

Ligamentum teres

Question 46

The most common benign tumor of the liver is

Answer 46

Hemangioma

Question 47

What benign liver tumor is located near the free edge of the liver and is solitary, well-circumscribed, and a nonencapsulated multinodular mass?

Answer 47

Focal nodular hyperplasia

Question 48

Typical symptoms a patient may have with an abscess formation include all of the following except:

Answer 48

Decreased white blood count

Question 49

The amebic abscess may reach the liver through the

Answer 49

Portal vein

Question 50

Which vessels are used to delineate the right and left lobes; the right posterior and right anterior segments; and the left medial and left lateral segments?

Answer 50

Hepatic veins

Question 51

Approximately what percentage of the liver's blood is supplied by the hepatic artery?

Answer 51

25%

Question 52

Which one of the following actions should be done to image the near field of the liver?

Answer 52

Use a curved array transducer

Question 53

What is the most common primary liver malignancy in an adult?

Answer 53

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 54

All of the following describe normal portal venous flow except:

Answer 54

Hepatofugal flow

Question 55

What are the clinical implications for a 52-year-old man with a liver sonography examination suggesting long standing liver disease and the presence of alpha-fetoprotein?

Answer 55

Primary carcinoma

Question 56

In addition to a central portal vein branch and hepatic artery, what other structure is contained in each of the eight segments described by Couinard?

Answer 56

Bile duct

Question 57

What structure can present as a thick lucent band sometimes identified anterior to the spine, inferior vena cava, or aorta?

Answer 57

Crus of diaphragm