Liver anatomy Flashcards
(24 cards)
What peritoneum is mainly covering the liver?
The visceral peritoneum
What are the lobes of the liver and where found?
Anterior surface: right and left lobe
Posterior inferior surface: Caudate and quadrate lobe
What separates the right and left lobe?
Falciform ligament
What is the liver innervated by?
Hepatic plexus formed by fibres of the vagus nerve
Describe the arterial supply of the liver?
Coeliac trunk > common hepatic artery > hepatic proper artery > right and left hepatic artery
the gastroduodenal artery branches off the common hepatic artery when it turns into the hepatic proper artery
Describe the venous drainage of the liver?
Venous blood of the liver drains into 2/3 large hepatic veins which connect to the inferior vena cava.
What is the difference between the hepatic portal vein and venous drainage of the liver?
The hepatic portal veins function is to carry blood containing nutrients and toxins from the small intestine, spleen, gall bladder and pancreas to the liver whereas the venous drainage of the liver occurs via 2/3 large hepatic veins found in the liver that are not visible externally.
What are the 2 surfaces of the liver?
Diaphragmatic surface
Visceral surface
How is the liver connected to the diaphragm?
Coronary and triangular ligaments
How is the liver connected to the anterior abdominal wall?
falciform ligament
How is the liver connected to the stomach and duodenum?
lesser omentum
What are the areas of the liver not covered by the visceral peritoneum?
Bare area of liver
Where gall bladder lies
Region of porta hepatis
How many functional segments of the liver are there?
8
What quadrant does the liver lie in?
The right upper quadrant and the epigastric region
What is the portal triad?
The hepatic artery, the hepatic portal vein, and the bile duct.
What are the 2 liver recesses?
- The hepatorenal recess lies between the right kidney and the posterior (visceral) surface of the right side of the liver. Fluid flows into this space in the supine position.
- The left and right subphrenic recesses lie either side of the falciform ligament, between the anterosuperior surface of the liver and the diaphragm.
What is the ligamentum teres?
A free edge of the falciform ligament.
A remnant of the umbilical vein which carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the foetus.
What is the ligamentum venosum?
Lies on the posterior surface of the liver between the caudate lobe and left lobe.
It is the remnant of the ductus venosus which diverts blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava in a foetus.
Where is visceral pain from the gall bladder and liver felt?
Epigastrium
What are the 3 parts of the gall bladder?
Fundus
Body
Neck
Where is the surface marking of the fundus?
Tip of the 9th costal cartilage where the right midclavicular line intersects the right costal margin.
What cells produce bile?
Hepatocytes
Describe the blood supply and venous drainage of the gall bladder?
Arterial supply: cystic artery arises from the hepatic artery
Venous drainage: cystic veins that pass directly into the liver or join the hepatic portal vein
How is the gall bladder innervated?
Parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres.
