Liver Disease

Question 1

1. In the liver, bilirubin is conjugated to:

a. vinyl groups.
b. methyl groups.
c. hydroxyl groups.
d. glucuronide.

Answer 1

d. glucuronide.

Question 2

2. Functions of the liver include the synthesis of all of the
   following except:

a. albumin.
b. immunoglobulins.
c. glycogen.
d. coagulation factors

Answer 2

b. immunoglobulins.

Question 3

3. In the liver, the small grooves between adjacent hepatocytes that carry bile to the gallbladder are the:

a. cords.
b. canaliculi.
c. lobules.
d. sinusoids.

Answer 3

b. canaliculi.

Question 4

4. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be directly related
   to:

a. an acute viral hepatitis infection.
b. cholestasis.
c. a chronic hepatitis B infection.
d. the synthetic function of the liver

Answer 4

c. a chronic hepatitis B infection.

Question 5

5. Which type of viral hepatitis is usually spread parenterally by transfusion, shared needles, or dialysis and is considered the most common chronic viral infection in North America?

a. Hepatitis B
b. Hepatitis C
c. Hepatitis A
d. Cirrhosis

Answer 5

a. Hepatitis B

Question 6

6. Laboratory tests that are initially run to determine the
   presence of any liver disease include:

a. liver enzymes only.
b. viral antigens and antibodies, serum cholesterol.
c. hepatitis antigens and antibodies, coagulation times,
and serum proteins.
d. bilirubin, liver enzymes, prothrombin time (PT), and
albumin.

Answer 6

d. bilirubin, liver enzymes, prothrombin time (PT), and
albumin.

Question 7

7. Blockage of the bile ducts or blockage of bile flow from
   within the liver due to inflammation will stop normal bile
   flow. This is referred to as:
   a. hepatitis.
   b. hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
   c. cholestasis.
   d. cirrhosis.

Answer 7

c. cholestasis.

Question 8

8. A genetic disorder that is associated with elevated
   amounts of copper in the liver and other tissues and leads
   to decreased ceruloplasmin concentration in blood is:

a. Wilson disease.
b. Reye syndrome.
c. cholestasis.
d. autoimmune hepatitis.

Answer 8

a. Wilson disease.

Question 9

9. A woman visits her physician with symptoms of jaundice,
   hepatic pain, and chalky-appearing stools. Lab values
   indicate elevated conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ–glutamyltransferase (GGT). These
   findings are most likely due to:

a. hemolytic anemia.
b. ineffective erythropoiesis.
c. cholestasis due to gallstones.
d. Reye syndrome.

Answer 9

c. cholestasis due to gallstones.

Question 10

10. The type of portal hypertension seen in the majority of
    cases is sinusoidal hypertension, which is most commonly caused by:

a. blockage of the portal veins.
b. hepatic vein occlusion.
c. congestive heart failure.
d. cirrhosis.

Answer 10

d. cirrhosis.