Liver Disease

Question 1

five causes of liver disease

d_____ or t_____ i______
i______
f______ h______ l______
n_______
c_______ p______ s______

Answer 1

drug or toxin induced
infectious
feline hepatic lipidosis
neoplastic
congenital portosystemic shunts

Question 2

at what percent dose acute liver failure happen

Answer 2

70-80%

Question 3

three increased serum chemistry results for acute liver disease

Answer 3

ALT (alanine aminotransferase)
ALP (alkaline phosphatase)
total bilirubin

Question 4

two nutraceuticals for liver disease

Answer 4

milk thistle
denamarin

Question 5

two causes of chronic liver disease

Answer 5

NSAIDs
antifungals

Question 6

major sign of chronic liver disease

Answer 6

ascites

Question 7

two additional serum chemistry results for chronic liver disease

Answer 7

hypoalbuminemia
hypocholesterolemia
(as well as acute results)

Question 8

what causes infectious hepatitis

Answer 8

adenovirus 1

Question 9

three significant signs of infectious hepatitis

p_____ h______
h_______
b______ d______

Answer 9

petechial hemorrhage
hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
bloody diarrhea

Question 10

three CBC results with infectious hepatitis

Answer 10

neutropenia
lymphopenia
thrombocytopenia

Question 11

how can infectious hepatitis be prevented

Answer 11

vaccination for adenovirus 1

Question 12

what two diseases can leptospirosis cause

Answer 12

acute renal and hepatic disease

Question 13

what can be the end result of leptospirosis

Answer 13

peracute shock and death!

Question 14

treatment and diagnosis of leptospirosis is ______

Answer 14

expensive

Question 15

two antibiotics that can be used as attempted treatment for leptospirosis

Answer 15

penicillin
doxycycline

Question 16

what two things will CBC show with leptospirosis

Answer 16

leukocytosis
thrombocytopenia

Question 17

what three things will serum chemistry show with leptospirosis

Answer 17

elevated BUN
elevated creatinine
elevated ALT
bilirubinuria (bilirubin in urine)

Question 18

what is important to do with patients with leptospirosis

Answer 18

ISOLATE - zoonotic and very contagious to other dogs that are unvaccinated!

Question 19

what species is cholangiohepatitis most common in

Answer 19

cats - specifically Persians

Question 20

inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder, and surrounding liver tissue

Answer 20

Cholangiohepatitis

Question 21

what does the bile duct inflammation with Cholangiohepatitis lead to

Answer 21

hepatitis

Question 22

two things on CBC with Cholangiohepatitis

Answer 22

neutrophilia with left shift
mild, regenerative anemia

Question 23

four treatment options for Cholangiohepatitis

a_______
p_______
f_______
n_______

Answer 23

antibiotics
prednisone
fluids
nutritional

Question 24

prognosis for Cholangiohepatitis

Answer 24

variable

Question 25

another name for feline hepatic lipidosis

Answer 25

fatty liver

Question 26

Most common hepatopathy seen in cats

Answer 26

feline hepatic lipidosis (fatty liver)

Question 27

what kind of cats is feline hepatic lipidosis (fatty liver) most common in

Answer 27

older, obese cats

Question 28

what causes feline hepatic lipidosis and what does it do to the liver

Answer 28

anorexia for 2 weeks (maybe even less) breakdown of fat accumulates in the liver because they aren't eating and the body is trying to use fat for energy

Question 29

treatment for feline hepatic lipidosis

Answer 29

get them to eat, use a feeding tube

Question 30

primary carcinomas from hepatocytes usually effect what species

Answer 30

dogs

Question 31

primary carcinomas from biliary epithelium usually effect what species

Answer 31

cats

Question 32

the portosystemic shunts allow vascular communication from _____ blood to _____ blood

Answer 32

portal systemic

Question 33

what does the congenital bypass of the portosystemic shunt do to toxins

Answer 33

toxins from GI bypass liver and go to brain, causing hepatic encephalopathy

Question 34

a reversible syndrome observed in patients with advanced liver dysfunction

Answer 34

hepatic encephalopathy

Question 35

which species is single intrahepatic PSS most common in

Answer 35

large breed dogs

Question 36

which species is single extrahepatic PSS most common in

Answer 36

cats and small breed dogs

Question 37

two important clinical signs of congenital portosystemic shunt

Answer 37

head press seizures

Question 38

when will clinical signs be worse with congenital portosystemic shunt

Answer 38

after a high protein meal

Question 39

what does congenital portosystemic shunt cause in animals

Answer 39

stunted growth - avoid getting runts as pets!

Question 40

treatment option for congenital portosystemic shunt

Answer 40

ligate shunt - expensive and needs to be done by a specialty clinic