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Clinical Chemistry 02 > Liver Function > Flashcards

Liver Function Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Liver is a functionally complex organ that plays a critical biochemical role in what?

A

Metabolism, digestion, detoxification & elimination of subs from the body

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2
Q

Weight of a liver in a healthy adult

A

1.2 to 1.5 kg

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3
Q

Location of the liver

A

Attached from the diaphragm, protected by lower rib cage

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4
Q

Divides the liver into two lobes

A

Falciform ligament

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5
Q

True or false:

Right lobe is 6 times larger than left lobe

A

True

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6
Q

Provides 25% of total blood supply to the liver

A

Hepatic artery

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7
Q

Provides 75% of total blood supply to liver

A

Portal vein

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8
Q

Location where two blood supply merge and supply

A

Sinusoids

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9
Q

Small spaces between hepatocytes that form intrahepatic ducts

A

Bile canaliculi

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10
Q

The functional unit of the liver

Responsible for the metabolic and excretory functions of liver

A

Lobules

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11
Q

What are the two major cell types

A

Hepatocytes and Kupffer cells

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12
Q

Make up 80% of volume of the organ

Responsible for the regenerative properties of liver

A

Hepatocytes

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13
Q

These are macrophages that lines the sinusoids

Acts as a active phagocytes capable of engulfing bacteria

A

Kupffer cells

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14
Q

Enumerate the 4 biochemical functions of the liver

A

Excretory/ Secretion
Synthesis
Detoxification
Storage

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15
Q

Processing and excretion of endogenous & exogenous substances into the bile/urine

A

Excretory/ Secretion

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16
Q

Major heme waste product

A

Bilirubin

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17
Q

Largest internal organ of the human body

Can regenerate cells that have been destroyed by some short term injury/dse

A

Liver

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18
Q

Has only the capacity to rid the body of heme waste product

A

Liver

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19
Q

How much bile can body produce in a day

A

3 L

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20
Q

How much body excretes bile in a day

A

1 L

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21
Q

Principal pigment in a bile

A

Bilirubin

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22
Q

Insoluble in water and can’t remove until it has been conjugated by the liver

A

Unconjugated bilirubin

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23
Q

Carrier responsible for transporting unconjugated bilirubin to endoplasmic reticulum

24
Q

Enzyme which transfers glucoronic acid molecule to form conjugated bilirubin

Study These Flashcards
A

UDPGT - Uridyldiphosphate glucoronyl transferase

25
A colorless product It is oxidized to an ange color product called ______
Urobilinogen Urobilin / Stercobilin
26
Gives stool it's brown color
Urobilin or Stercobilin
27
How much bilirubin produce in a day
200 to 300 mg
28
Total amount of bilirubin in serum of a healthy adult
0.2 to 1.0 mg/dl
29
It is Responsible for synthesizing many biological compounds What are the biological compounds
Synthesis CHO, Lipids and Proteins
30
What is the most important fxn of the liver
Metabolism of carbohydrates
31
When carbohydrate is absorbed and ingested the body can do 3 things which are?
Use glucose as cellular energy requirement Circulate glucose for use at peripheral tissues Store glucose as glycogen within the liver or tissues
32
Store glucose as glycogen
Glycogenesis
33
Degrade glycogen
Glycogenolysis
34
Create glucose from from non carbon substrate like pyruvate, lactate and amino acid
Gluconeogenesis
35
Almost all proteins are synthesized by the liver except for what?
Immunoglobulins and Adult Hgb
36
Important function of liver in detoxification and drug metabolism
First pass - every substance that is absorbed in GIT must first pass through the liver
37
What are the 2 function of the first pass?
1. Can allow imp. substances to reach the systemic circulation 2. Can serve as barrier to prevent toxic substances from reaching the systemic circulation
38
What are the 2 mechanisms for detoxification of foreign materials and metabolic products
1. Bind material reversibly as to inactivate compound | 2. Chemically modify the compound do it can be excreted
39
It is the Most important mechanism and is a system that is responsible for the detoxification of drugs through ____________
Drug metabolizing system of liver Through: oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, hydroxylation, carboxylation and demethylation
40
Yellow discoloration of eyes, skin and mucous membranes most often resulting from the retention of bilirubin
Jaundice
41
French word which means yellow
Jaune
42
Type of jaundice that is not seen in a naked eye
Overt jaundice
43
It is the increase of bilirubin level in serum or plasma sample
Icterus
44
Classification of jaundice where problems occurs prior to liver metabolism
Pre hepatic
45
Classification of jaundice that occurs when the primary problem resides in the liver
Hepatic
46
Classification of jaundice where results from biliary obstructive disease is usually from physical obstructions
Post-hepatic
47
Classification of jaundice where there is an increase in conjugated bilirubin
Pre-hepatic
48
A condition which scar tissue replaces normal and healthy liver tissue Blocks the flow of the blood through organ and prevents the liver from functioning properly
Cirrhosis
49
It is the cancer of the liver cells
Tumors
50
Type of liver cancer that begins in liver cell
Primary liver cancer
51
Most common type of liver cancer where tumors from the other parts of the body spread to the liver
Metastatic liver cancer
52
It is a term used to describe group of disorders caused by infectious, metabolic, toxic / drug induced dses foundalmost in children
Reye syndrome
53
The liver is the primary target organ for adverse drug rxns because it plays a central role in drug metabolism
Drug-alcohol related disorder
54
Heavy and prolonged consumption of this can lead to alcoholic cirrhosis and cause very mild transient and unnoticed injury
Ethanol
55
An enzyme that eliminate alcohol in liver
Alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Clinical Chemistry 02 (1 decks)

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