liver function test

Question 1

lfts confirm

Answer 1

liver disease
hepatic/ biliary cell involvement
extent of liver damage

Question 2

tests for liver function

Answer 2

serum bilirubin
hepatic enzymes
PT
serum A/G ratio

Question 3

normal bilirubin

Answer 3

< 1mg/dl

Question 4

bilirubin in jaundice

Answer 4

> 2.5 mg/dl

Question 5

enzymes in Lfts

Answer 5

ALT – alanine transaminase
AST – aspartate transaminase
GGT – Y-glutamyl transferase
ALP – alkaline Phosphatase

Question 6

proteins in Lfts

Answer 6

total proteins
albumin
globulin

Question 7

synthetic function of lfts

Answer 7

pt
serum ammonia

Question 8

excretory function of lfts

Answer 8

total bilirubin
urine bilirubin
urine UBG

Question 9

tumor markers of lfts

Answer 9

alpha- fetoproteins

Question 10

gamma glutamyl transferase is elevated in

Answer 10

pancreatitis
cardiac, renal and pulmonary disorders
diabetes
alcoholism
acute parenchymal damage
biliary obstruction

Question 11

causes of acute liver disease

Answer 11

viral –
hep A B C D E, EBV, CMV, Yellow fever virus
Non- viral –
leptospira, Q fever, toxoplasma gondi
Poisons –
afatoxin, carbon tetrachloride, mushrooms
drugs –
paracetamol
halothane
alcohol –
pregnancy –
shock –
wilsons disease –

Question 12

causes of chronic liver disease

Answer 12

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease
alcohol
viral – Hep B, C
autoimmune
drugs – isoniazid, ketoconazole
ulcerative colitis
genetic

Question 13

what are the routine LFTs

Answer 13

ALT, AST, ALP, GGT
total bilirubin
serum albumin
total protein
A/G ratio

Question 14

normal ALT

Answer 14

7-56 IU/L

Question 15

normal AST

Answer 15

0- 40 IU/L

Question 16

normal ALP

Answer 16

41- 133 IU/L

Question 17

normal GGT

Answer 17

9- 85 IU/L

Question 18

normal total bilirubin

Answer 18

0.1- 1 mg/dl

Question 19

normal serum albumin

Answer 19

3.5- 5.3g/dl

Question 20

normal total protein

Answer 20

6- 8 g/dl

Question 21

normal A/G ratio

Answer 21

0.8- 2.0

Question 22

normal AFP

Answer 22

0- 15 microg/L

Question 23

2X ALT shows

Answer 23

liver cell necrosis
viral hep
ischemic liver injury
toxins
pregnancy related

Question 24

2X AST shows

Answer 24

mitochondrial damage
alcoholic hep
liver cirrhosis
MI

Question 25

liver cholestasis means

Answer 25

GGT and ALP both raised

Question 26

raised ALP means

Answer 26

infiltrative liver disease granulomatous liver disease abscess amyloidosis of liver

Question 27

extravascular hemolytic anemia shows

Answer 27

inc. UCB urine UBG raised AST/ALT raised ALP/GGT normal

Question 28

dec UCB means

Answer 28

Urine UBG normal gilbert syndrome crigler- najjar syndrome physiologic jaundice of newborn

Question 29

mixed CB 20- 50% indicated

Answer 29

Urine bilirubin and UBG raised viral Hep

Question 30

obstructive CB > 50% shows

Answer 30

urine bilirubin raised urine UBG absent dec intra and extra hepatic bile flow

Question 31

dec intrahepatic bile flow is

Answer 31

drug induced primary biliary cirrhosis dubin johnson syn rotors syndrome

Question 32

dec extrahepatic bile flow

Answer 32

gall stones carcinoma of head of pancreas

Question 33

total proteins interpret as

Answer 33

low: liver and kidney disorder, malabsorption, drug estrogen and ocp high: chronic inflammation, infection multiple myeloma

Question 34

globulin interpret

Answer 34

low: liver/ kidney disease high: multiple myeloma, hodgkins disease. malignant lymphoma

Question 35

A/G ratio shows

Answer 35

low: inc globulin --myeloma, dec albumin high: dec immunoglobulins

Question 36

AFP indicate

Answer 36

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 37

anti HAv IgM show

Answer 37

Active infection

Question 38

recover from infection or vaccination in HAV is seen by:

Answer 38

anti HAV-IgG

Question 39

acute/ chronic HCV is seen by

Answer 39

anti HCV IgM

Question 40

anti HCV- IgG indicate

Answer 40

infection or recovery

Question 41

confirmatory tests for HCV are:

Answer 41

RIBA HCV RNA using PCR

Question 42

+ive RIBA and HCV RNA indicate

Answer 42

infection

Question 43

+ive RIBA and -ive HCV RNA show

Answer 43

recent recovery

Question 44

Anti HDV IgM mean

Answer 44

acute HDV

Question 45

anti HDV IgG show

Answer 45

chronic/ recovery infection

Question 46

HEV active infection is seen by

Answer 46

presence of anti HEV IgM

Question 47

Anti HEV IgG shows

Answer 47

recovery

Question 48

primary biliary cirrhosis has

Answer 48

serum IgM and anti mitochondrial antibody

Question 49

anti smooth muscle antibody and anti nuclear antibody is present in

Answer 49

autoimmune hepatitis

Question 50

what is the gold standard test for liver diease

Answer 50

liver biopsy