Livestock 101

Question 1

What is a bull?

Answer 1

An intact adult male bovine.

Question 2

What is a cow?

Answer 2

An adult female bovine that has delivered a calf before.

Question 3

What is a calf?

Answer 3

A baby bovine.

Question 4

What is a steer?

Answer 4

A castrated male bovine for meat production.

Question 5

What does calving refer to?

Answer 5

The time of delivery for bovines.

Question 6

What are beef cattle?

Answer 6

Cattle raised for beef production.

Question 7

What are dairy cattle?

Answer 7

Cattle raised for milk production.

Question 8

What is a heifer?

Answer 8

A young female bovine that has not delivered a calf.

Question 9

What does ewe mean?

Answer 9

Can refer to a female sheep of any age.

Question 10

What is a lamb?

Answer 10

A baby sheep or kid-goat.

Question 11

What is a ram?

Answer 11

An intact male sheep.

Question 12

What is a whether?

Answer 12

A castrated male sheep or goat for meat production.

Question 13

What are hair sheep?

Answer 13

Sheep raised for meat production.

Question 14

What does ‘Kathadin’ mean?

Answer 14

Refers to sheep with no wool.

Question 15

What are wool sheep?

Answer 15

Sheep raised for meat and/or wool production.

Question 16

What does lambing refer to?

Answer 16

The time of delivery for sheep.

Question 17

What does kidding refer to?

Answer 17

The time of delivery for goats.

Question 18

What is a boar?

Answer 18

An intact male swine for breeding.

Question 19

What is a barrow?

Answer 19

A castrated male swine for meat production.

Question 20

What is a gilt?

Answer 20

A young, unbred female swine.

Question 21

What is a sow?

Answer 21

An older female swine that has delivered before.

Question 22

What does farrowing refer to?

Answer 22

The time of delivery for swine.

Question 23

What is a litter?

Answer 23

A group of piglets delivered to a sow.

Question 24

What is a hog?

Answer 24

Market weight swine around 250 lbs.

Question 25

What are pigs?

Answer 25

Young swine not yet ready for breeding or market.

Question 26

What is a pullet?

Answer 26

A young female chicken prior to egg-laying.

Question 27

What is a Cockerel?

Answer 27

Young males ## Footnote Refers to young male chickens.

Question 28

What is a Rooster?

Answer 28

Adult male ## Footnote Refers to an adult male chicken.

Question 29

What is a Hen?

Answer 29

Laying age female ## Footnote Refers to a female chicken that is of laying age.

Question 30

What is a Capon?

Answer 30

Castrated male (meat production) ## Footnote Refers to a castrated male chicken raised for meat.

Question 31

What are Chicks?

Answer 31

Day-old - One month in age ## Footnote Refers to young chickens from birth to one month old.

Question 32

What are Poults?

Answer 32

Day-old - One month in age ## Footnote Refers to young turkeys from birth to one month old.

Question 33

What are Jakes?

Answer 33

Young males ## Footnote Refers to young male turkeys.

Question 34

What are Jennies?

Answer 34

Young females ## Footnote Refers to young female turkeys.

Question 35

What are Toms?

Answer 35

Adult males ## Footnote Refers to adult male turkeys.

Question 36

What are Hens?

Answer 36

Adult females ## Footnote Refers to adult female turkeys.

Question 37

What are three indicators of health decline in animals?

Answer 37

Hooves, Gait, Anus, Genitals, Eyes, Nose, Ears, Mouth, Coat ## Footnote These are the daily observations to monitor for animal health.

Question 38

What should you observe about the Hooves?

Answer 38

Limping, cracked, needing cutting? ## Footnote Check for any issues with the animal's hooves.

Question 39

What should you observe about the Gait?

Answer 39

Indicators of a foot issue, broken leg?, joint misplaced, etc ## Footnote Monitor the animal's movement for any abnormalities.

Question 40

What should you observe about the Anus?

Answer 40

Fecal consistency, drainage, etc ## Footnote Check for any unusual signs related to feces.

Question 41

What should you observe about the Genitals?

Answer 41

Any discharge, bleeding, hernias, etc ## Footnote Monitor for any abnormalities in the genital area.

Question 42

What should you observe about the Eyes?

Answer 42

Clear white? If not, what's wrong???, drainage, closed eyes ## Footnote Check for clarity and any signs of infection or injury.

Question 43

What should you observe about the Nose?

Answer 43

Discharge, mucus colors, etc ## Footnote Monitor for any unusual nasal discharge.

Question 44

What should you observe about the Ears?

Answer 44

General issues, mites, droopy-ness ## Footnote Check for any signs of ear problems.

Question 45

What should you observe about the Mouth?

Answer 45

Drooling, vomiting, bloat ## Footnote Monitor for any oral health issues.

Question 46

What should you observe about the Coat?

Answer 46

Any abrasions or lacerations? Stings or snake bites? Mites? Missing fur? ## Footnote Check for any skin issues or injuries.