Living Organisms and Molecules

Question 1

Cells are made up of….

e.g. mitochondria

Answer 1

Organelles

Question 2

Found within the organelles of the cell are

ex: inner and outer membranes

Answer 2

supramolecular assemblies

Question 3

Each of the supramolecular assemblies is composed of particular ________ (such as the protein, cytochrome c) and lipids

Answer 3

Macromolecules

Question 4

Put these in order of progression: organism, precursor molecule, macromolecule

Answer 4

Precursor, macromolecule, organism

Question 5

The structural and functional units of all living organisms

Answer 5

Cells

Question 6

The outer membrane of a cell that separates it from its environment

It is selectively permeable to what, which includes proteins which aid in its specific cell functions?

Answer 6

Plasma Membrane

Question 7

This part of a cell contains genetic material (DNA) that’s stored and replicated here

Answer 7

Nucleus or Nucleioid

Question 8

This part of the cell has aqueous cell contents, suspended particles and organelles enclosed by the plasma; contains metabolites, coenzymes, inorganic ions and enzymes

Answer 8

Cytoplasm

Question 9

What are the two types of cells?

What groups do they divide into?

Answer 9

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes divide into bacteria and archea, eukaryotes don’t divide

Question 10

This type of cell is a cell without a nuclear envelope, actually has a nucleoid. E. coli is the most commonly studied

Answer 10

Prokaryotes

Question 11

This type of cell has a nuclear envelope

Answer 11

Eukaryotes

Question 12

This type of prokaryote is found in soils, surface waters, and tissues of other living or decaying organisms

Answer 12

Bacteria

Question 13

This type of prokaryote inhabits extreme environments such as salt lakes, hot springs and the ocean depths

Answer 13

Archea

Question 14

The structures that make up a eukaryotic cell
are determined by the specific functions that
cell carries out. However, eukaryotic cells have
3 main components:

Answer 14

A cell membrane
A nucleus
Other organelles

Question 15

The cell membrane is selectively permeable to different molecules by

Answer 15

Diffusion

Question 16

______ in the membrane help actively transport material into and out of the cell

Answer 16

Proteins

Question 17

Membrane functions are dependent upon the interactions between the ____ and _____ in the membrane

Answer 17

Lipids and Proteins

Question 18

The membrane structure can be described as…

Answer 18

Fluid mosaic

Question 19

_____ are formed from the membrane lipids such as a phospolipid molecule. Several lipid molecules come together in a packing arrangement to form it. Proteins are embedded within it

Answer 19

Lipid bilayers

Question 20

The brain of the cell, it contains the information required to make most components of the cell

Answer 20

The Nucleus

Question 21

The information in the nucleus is stored in the sequence of _______ found in ______

Answer 21

Nucleic acids found in chromosomes

Question 22

These contain regulatory sequences involved in replication and transcription of DNA

Answer 22

Chromosomes

Question 23

These maintain the life of a cell. A variety of membrane bound _____ with specific functions can be found in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 23

Organelles

Question 24

Name 4 examples of membrane bound organelles with specific functions that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell

Answer 24

Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Complexes
Lysosomes

Question 25

Membrane bound organelles in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes that contain the enzymes required for the citric acid cycle, electron transfer, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 25

Mitochondria

Question 26

This organelle has an inner and outer membrane, and functions as the power plant of the cell

Answer 26

Mitochondria

Question 27

An organelle that is a system of membranous tubules and sacs which functions as an intercellular highway, cells can move from one part of the cell to another

Answer 27

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 28

The ER connects the ____ to the ____

Answer 28

nuclear envelppe to the cell membrane

Question 29

This type of ER processes lipids and carbohydrates

Answer 29

Smooth

Question 30

This type of ER is covered with ribosomes and processes proteins to be exported from the cell

Answer 30

Rough

Question 31

Small dots associated with the rough ER, may also be free in the cytosol.

Answer 31

Ribosomes

Question 32

Composed of specialized nucleic acids and proteins which are involved in protein synthesis inside the cell.

Answer 32

Ribosomes

Question 33

T/F Macromolecules are polymers

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What is the monomer of protein
Of nucleic acids
Of polysaccharides

Answer 34

Amino Acid residues
nucleotides
Sugar residues

Question 35

The repository of genetic information

Answer 35

deoxy-ribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 36

The amino acid sequence of every protein molecule and nucleotide sequence of of RNA molecule is determined by a _________ in the cell’s DNA

Answer 36

Nucleotide sequence

Question 37

The transmitter of genetic information from the site of DNA to the site of protein biosynthesis

Answer 37

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Question 38

Which has a broader range of functions, RNA or DNA?

Answer 38

RNA