Living with the physical environment

Question 1

Name 6 atmospheric hazards

Answer 1

Rain, lightning, hurricanes, drought, snow and wind

Question 2

Name 6 geological hazards

Answer 2

Volcano, landslide, mudflow, avalanche, earthquake and flooding

Question 3

What is a hazard risk?

Answer 3

Is the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event. People who choose to live close to a river my be at risk of flooding.

Question 4

Risk factors

Answer 4

Urbanisation, lack of materials for sanitation, water, unsafe buildings, climate change, building on land that they know will flood.

Question 5

What is a natural hazard?

Answer 5

It is a natural event hat threatens people and causes damage, destruction and even death to people wen it hits

Question 6

Name 4 factors that increase the risk of natural hazards

Answer 6

Poverty, urbanisation, climate change and farming

Question 7

High pressure (weight lifter) 🏋🏻

Answer 7

Means that air is sinking - Hugh has a huge weight on top of him an is under lots of pressure.

Question 8

Low pressure ( high jump)

Answer 8

Means air is rising - Larry can do hs high jump no problem as there is no weight on him.

Question 9

Low pressure

Answer 9

Warm air is rising up as it becomes less dense. As it rises it cools forming clouds. General weather = wet & windy

Question 10

High pressure (summer)

Answer 10

Cool ar high in the atmosphere cools and falls towards the ground. As the cooler is sinks it gets warmer, no clouds form. Day weather = clear & hot. Night weather = cool

Question 11

High pressure (winter)

Answer 11

Just like summer cool air sinks and wars up so no clouds form. No heat is trapped in so days = cold, clear & bright. Night = clear sky’s & frost on the ground.

Question 12

What are the names of the cells on an atmospheric circulation model?

Answer 12

Polar cells, Ferrel cells and Hadley cells

Question 13

What is the cell nearest the equator called/

Answer 13

Hadley cells

Question 14

What is the name of the cell at the top of the model?

Answer 14

Polar cells

Question 15

Where is high pressure usually found on the atmospheric circulation model?

Answer 15

Top and bottom and in between Hadley and Ferrel cells

Question 16

Where is low pressure found?

Answer 16

Along the equator and between Polar and Ferrel cells.

Question 17

What are the trade winds called above the equator?

Answer 17

Northeast trade winds

Question 18

What are the trade winds called below the equator?

Answer 18

Southeast trade winds

Question 19

Why do mos tropical storms head west?

Answer 19

Because the trade winds blow from East to West

Question 20

What must the temperature of the ocean be to form a tropical storm?

Answer 20

Abover 27*C

Question 21

What earns do they mainly form in?

Answer 21

Summer and Autumn

Question 22

Why do most tropical storms form 5-15* North and South of the equator?

Answer 22

Because there isn’t enough spin at the equator, because of the rotation of the earth.

Question 23

What is the spinning effect called?

Answer 23

The Coriolis effect

Question 24

What is a tropical storm?

Answer 24

A spinning mass of clouds, formed in regions of intens hea which makes the conditions unstable. This is vital in the formation of hurricanes.

Question 25

Coriolis force definition

Answer 25

An apparent rather than real force which causes the deflection of moving objects, especially of air streams through the ration of he earth on its axis.

Question 26

Tropical storms formation

Answer 26

Moist air condenses causing thunderstorms, they release heat = draws up more water, other thunderstorms join it. Develops eye = spin gathers strength. Either hits land or dies when it its cold sea.

Question 27

What are conditions like in the eye wall?

Answer 27

Strongest sustained winds, highest ainfall, intense thunderstorms

Question 28

What are conditions like in the Rain bands?

Answer 28

Heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, strong winds

Question 29

What are conditions like in the Eye?

Answer 29

Cool air sinking, no clouds calm conditions

Question 30

Describe the changes in the frequency and distribution of tropical storms between 1900 and 2000

Answer 30

Between 1900 and 2000 the number of hurricanes increased as the years went on. Between 1900 - 1950 only one storm occurred however between 1951 and 2000 12 storms occurred this is a difference of 11 storms. The storms started to go further north compared to the first storms in 1900 and 1910.

Question 31

How has global warming helped hurricanes?

Answer 31

Patches of eat will power the winds to a critical sped. Rising sea level increases flooding. We will have a longer hurricane season. At rom the ocean becomes energy. Creates more tropical storms.

Question 32

What is a primary effect?

Answer 32

Effects directly from te storm

Question 33

What is a secondary effet?

Answer 33

Effects as a exult of a primary effect

Question 34

What are some of the secondary effects of hurricane Sandy?

Answer 34

$50 billion worth of amaze caused to hoes and businesses. The New York stock exchange had to close for 2 days. 3 main airports were shut. Holes in NY and NJ lost millions of $ because of cancelled bookings. NY lost 29100 private jobs, and NJ lost 8,100 due to businesses being destroyed

Question 35

What are some primary effects of hurricane Sandy?

Answer 35

149 people were killed, people were left stranded in their home due to floods, more than 80 homes were destroyed in one fire n Queens. 346,000 homes damaged in NY and 305,000 homes in NJ.

Question 36

How many hurricanes it USA between 1900 and 1955?

Answer 36

3

Question 37

How many hurricanes hit between 1965 and 1976?

Answer 37

5

Question 38

How many hurricanes hit between 1988 and 1999?

Answer 38

6

Question 39

How many hurricanes have it since 2000?

Answer 39

14

Question 40

What is happening to the frequency of hurricanes?

Answer 40

It has gone up and is now at a staggering 14 urticantes since 2000

Question 41

What is happening to the distribution of hurricanes hitting the USA?

Answer 41

They are hitting further up

Question 42

What is an immidiate response?

Answer 42

A response taken directly after the event to help prevent loss of life and more damage

Question 43

What is a long term response?

Answer 43

A response in te months after the storm to help return to normality

Question 44

What are some effects of hurricane Sandy?

Answer 44

``` Buildings being destroyed Trees falling over Flooding Power cuts Roads destroyed Become homeless Businesses destroyed Emergency rescue ```

Question 45

What and where was hurlante Sandy?

Answer 45

Category 1 hurricane delandfall on king so on 24th October | Category 2 moved over Cuba, the Bahamas before hitting New Jersey on the 29th October

Question 46

Definition of monitoring

Answer 46

Recording physical changes, such as eartquake tremors around a volcano r tracin a optical storm by satellite, to help forecast when and where a natural hazard migh strike

Question 47

Definition of predicting

Answer 47

Attempts the forecast when and where natural hazard/based on current knowledge. This can be done to some extent for volcanic eruptions and tropical storms but less reliably for earthquakes.

Question 48

Definition of planning

Answer 48

Actions taken to enable communities to respond to recover from natural disasters through measures such as emergency evacuation plans information management communications and warning systems.

Question 49

Definition of protection

Answer 49

Actions taken before hazard strikes to reduce its impact such as educating people or improving building design.

Question 50

What are the extreme weathers we experience in the UK?

Answer 50

``` Droughts Heatwave Heavy snowfall Heavy rain (flooding) Extreme cold Strong Gail force winds ```

Question 51

What can Artic air bring?

Answer 51

It can bring heavy snow and bitter conditions

Question 52

What do storms from the Atlantic bring?

Answer 52

They bring heavy rain and strong winds

Question 53

What does Wether from the south bring us?

Answer 53

Ho sunny wether, and even heatwaves?

Question 54

What does the continual airmass bring us?

Answer 54

Dry/cold conditions in winter | Hot/dry in the summer

Question 55

Thunderstorms description and effect

Answer 55

Description: large electrical storms can occur after periods of prolonged heat and are most common in te SE of the UK Effect:storms can lead to flash flooding, fires death and damage to properties

Question 56

Prolonged rain description and effect

Answer 56

Description: persistant rainfall over a long period of time Effet: flooding, which can cause death and damage to property, disturbs transport, and costs the country millions