LO 1 - 10

Question 1

Crystalline Solids

Answer 1

long range molecular order, patterns repeat

Question 2

Amorphous Solids

Answer 2

Solids have no long term order

Question 3

Increasing pressure favors _____ states

Answer 3

denser

Question 4

Increasing temperatures favors _____ states

Answer 4

less dense

Question 5

The degree of polarity in a bond depends on the difference in atoms’ ______

Answer 5

electronegativity

Question 6

Weakest IMF present in all molecules and atoms

Answer 6

Dispersion forces

Question 7

IMF that is stronger than dispersion forces but present in polar molecules

Answer 7

Dipole-Dipole

Question 8

Strongest IMF present in molecules containing H bonded to F, O, or N

Answer 8

Hydrogen Bonding

Question 9

IMF stronger than hydrogen bonding but only present in mixtures of ionic and polar compounds

Answer 9

Ion-Dipole

Question 10

Boiling point increases with _______ molar mass and ______ dispersion forces

Answer 10

increasing, stronger

Question 11

If two molecules are the same molar mass, the one with the greater boiling point will have a greater ______

Answer 11

dipole-moment

Question 12

Resistance to liquid flow

Answer 12

viscosity

Question 13

The energy required of a liquid to increase the surface area by a unit amount

Answer 13

surface tension

Question 14

____ IMF = more viscous
_____ molar mass = more viscous
increased temperature = _____ viscous

Answer 14

Greater, Greater, Less

Question 15

Cohesion between molecules + adhesion of molecules to a small tube = _____

Answer 15

capillary action

Question 16

↑ Surface Area = ___ Vaporization
↑ Temperature = ____ Vaporization
____ IMF = Increased Vaporization

Answer 16

Increased, Increased, ↓

Question 17

Vaporization is an _______ process

Answer 17

endothermic

Question 18

Condensation is an _______ process

Answer 18

exothermic

Question 19

The amount of heat required to vaporize one mole of liquid into gas is ______

Answer 19

Heat of Vaporization (ΔH vap.)

Question 20

ΔH condensation = ________

Answer 20

-ΔH vaporization

Question 21

When is dynamic equilibrium reached for a liquid?

Answer 21

rate of evaporation = rate of condensation

Question 22

The pressure of a gas in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid

Answer 22

vapor pressure

Question 23

Substances with weak IMF will have a _____ VP. They are _____.

Answer 23

High, Volatile

Question 24

Substances with strong IMF will have a ______ VP. They are _____.

Answer 24

Low, non-volatile

Question 25

Le Chatelier's Principle states that ...

Answer 25

a liquid in dynamic equilibrium with its gas is a balanced system that tends to return to equilibrium if disturbed

Question 26

Boiling point is when a liquid's VP = _______

Answer 26

external pressure

Question 27

Normal boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid's VP = _____

Answer 27

1 atm

Question 28

Once the boiling point is reached, additional heat _____________ only increases rate of boiling

Answer 28

does not increase liquid temperature

Question 29

Equation to relate temperature and VP

Answer 29

P vap. = B (-ΔHvap / R T) - B constant - R gas constant 8.314 - T Kelvin

Question 30

The point at which the transition to a supercritical fluid occurs

Answer 30

critical point

Question 31

Direct transition from a solid to a gas

Answer 31

sublimation

Question 32

Direct transition from a gas to a solid

Answer 32

deposition

Question 33

Fusion is another word for

Answer 33

melting of a solid to a liquid

Question 34

The energy needed to melt one mole of a solid

Answer 34

heat of fusion (ΔH fus.)

Question 35

ΔH fus. is always ____

Answer 35

endothermic

Question 36

ΔH freezing is always _____

Answer 36

exothermic

Question 37

ΔH freezing = _______

Answer 37

-ΔH fusion

Question 38

In general, ΔH fus. ____ ΔH vap.

Answer 38

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