Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 4 anatomy and physiology > LO1 > Flashcards

LO1 Flashcards

1
Q

1.1 what are the concepts of blood

A 
erythrocytes
lymphocytes 
neutrophils 
 monocytes 
platelets 
plasma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1.1 what are erythrocytes

A

erythrocytes are commonly known as red blood cells, erythrocytes contain haemoglobin and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues and the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

1.1 what are lymphocytes

A

lymphocytes are white blood cells present within lymph that fight infection and destroy cells that are abnormal or damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

1.1 what are neutrophils

A

neutrophils are white blood cells in the body’s immune system responsible for fighting off bacteria and viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

1.1 what are monocytes

A

monocytes are the biggest type of white blood cells in the body’s immune system responsible for fighting off bacteria and viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

1.1 what are platelets

A

blood is made up of platelets. platelets are cells that enable the blood to thicken or clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

1.1 what is plasma

A

plasma is the liquid part of the blood and lymphatic fluid. it transports red and white blood cells and platelets around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

1.2 what are the functions of blood

A 
transport 
temperature regulation 
exchange of materials with the body's tissues 
preventing infections 
blood clotting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

1.2 what is transport

A

one of the main functions of blood is to transport elements required for life around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

1.2 what is temperature regulation

A

all our chemical reactions are regulated by proteins called enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

1.2 the exchange of materials with body tissues

A

capillaries supply the tissues with oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products such as carbon dioxide. our respiratory system takes in air containing oxygen which is needed by cells and body tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

1.2 preventing infection

A

lymphocytes recognise when organisms hijack cells to reproduce. so the lymphocytes destroys the cell along with the virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1.2 blood clotting

A

platelets activate a chain reaction that traps both platelets and erythrocytes to form a clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1.3 list the structure of the heart

A 
atria 
ventricles 
vena cava (superior/inferior)
pulmonary arteries and veins 
aorta 
tricuspid and bicuspid valves 
semi-lunar valves 
coronary arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1.3 what is the atria

A

these are the two upper chambers of the heart. the right atrium receives blood into the heart from the veins that transport blood low in oxygen and the left atrium receives blood from the lungs that is rich in oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

1.3 what are ventricles

A

these are the two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood around the whole body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

1.3 what is the vena cava

A

this refers to the large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the body into the right atrium of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

1.3 what is the pulmonary artery

A

the artery carrying blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

1.3 what are pulmonary veins

A

pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood. oxygenated blood from the lungs is circulated back in to the heart through the pulmonary veins that drain into the left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

1.3 what is the aorta

A

the aorta is the largest artery in the body. it carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

1.3 what is the tricuspid valve

A

these valves are located between the right ventricle and the right atrium of the heart. they prevent the blood flowing back into the right atrium of the heart

22
Q

1.3 what is the bicuspid valve

A

the bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. its function is to allow blood to flow one way

23
Q

1.3 what are the semi-lunar valves

A

semi-lunar valves are located in the heart, in the aorta and the pulmonary artery. their functions are to allow blood to flow one way and to prevent the back flow of blood back into the heart after contraction

24
Q

1.3 what are coronary arteries

A

these are blood vessels that deliver oxygenated blood to the heart

25
Q

1.4 what are the functions of blood

A 
double pump 
diastole 
systole 
cardiac cycle
role of the component parts
26
Q

1.4 what is double pump

A

your heart is a single organ but acts as a double pump. the first pump carries blood low in oxygen to your lungs where it unloads carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. it then delivers blood rich in oxygen back to your heart. the second pump delivers blood rich in oxygen to the rest of the body

27
Q

1.4 what is diastole

A

diastole is the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill up with blood

28
Q

1.4 what is systole

A

systole is the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contract and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries

29
Q

1.4 what is the cardiac cycle

A

the cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of electrical events that repeats with every heartbeat. it includes the phase of relaxation of diastole and the contraction of systole

30
Q

1.4 what is the role of the component parts

A

there are four component parts: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

31
Q

1.5 control and regulation of the cardiac cycle

A

the SA node
the AV node
purkyne fibres
ECG test

32
Q

1.5 the SA node

A

the SA node is situated in the upper wall of the right atrium of the heart and is responsible for setting the rhythm of the body’s pulse.

33
Q

1.5 the AV node

A

the AV node is situated at the bottom of the right atrium of the heart and is responsible for the rhythm of the contractions of the heart by transmitting impulses it receives from the SA node and sending it to the atria of the ventricles

34
Q

1.5 what are purkyne fibres

A

these are the muscle fibres that transmit the impulses from the AV node to the ventricles of the heart and causes them to contract

35
Q

1.5 what is an ECG trace

A

an electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test that monitors the electrical activity of the heart

36
Q

1.6 types, structure and functions of blood vessels

A

arteries
veins
capillaries

37
Q

1.6 what are arteries

A

arteries are blood vessels that transport blood rich in oxygen away from the heart

38
Q

1.6 what are veins

A

veins are blood vessels that transports blood low in oxygen from the body back to the heart

39
Q

1.6 what are capillaries

A

capillaries are very small, thin blood vessels that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide through their walls

40
Q

1.7 formation of tissue fluid and lymph

A

role of hydrostatic pressure
blood proteins
structure and role of lymphatic system

41
Q

1.7 what is the role of hydrostatic pressure

A

this is the force this is exerted by a fluid against the capillary wall. it helps in the movement of fluid between capillaries and the interstitial fluid

42
Q

1.7 what are blood proteins

A

blood proteins are proteins present in the blood plasma. they serve many different functions, including transport of lipids, hormones, vitamins and minerals in activity and functioning of the immune system

43
Q

1.7 what is the structure and role of lymphatic system

A

the lymphatic system is a circulatory system that drains fluid from the blood vessels.

44
Q

1.8 cardiovascular malfunctions

A

hypertension

coronary heart disease

45
Q

1.8 what is hypertension

A

hypertension refers to when your blood pressure is continually higher than the recommended pressure level

46
Q

1.8 what is coronary heart disease (CHD)

A

this is a disease where a waxy substance called plague builds up inside the coronary arteries. this can lead to angina, a stoke or even a heart attack (death)

47
Q

1.9 monitoring, treatment and care needs for cardiovascular

A

monitoring
treatment
care needs

48
Q

1.9 monitoring cardiovascular malfunctions

A

an electrocardiogram (ECG) to record electrical activity, EKG systems to archive patients results, cardiac monitoring detects diseases/damages

49
Q

1.9 treatments for cardiovascular malfunctions

A

relieve symptoms
reduces the risk of factors (build up of plague)
lowering the risk of blood clots forming
widen/bypass plague clogged coronary arteries
prevent CHD complications

50
Q

1.9 care needs for cardiovascular malfunctions

A

an ECG monitor and a given angiogram could lead to a coronary bypass which was a success

Unit 4 anatomy and physiology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions