LO1 - Psychological And Medical Risks

Question 1

Alcohol cardiovascular risks

Answer 1

Increased levels of triglycerides
Low-density lipoproteins cholesterol
Hypertension
Higher risk of strokes
High risk for heart disease (cardiomyopathy, CAD)

Question 2

Alcohol-endocrine risks. (Men)

Answer 2

Decrease in testosterone facial hair, libido

Question 3

Alcohol- endocrine risks (women)

Answer 3

Absence of menses
Anovulation
Early menopause

Question 4

Alcohol - GI risks

Answer 4

Gastritis
Ulcers of stomach, cluodenom or esophagus
Cirrhosis
Pancreatitis

Question 5

Wernickes disease

Answer 5

Encephalopathy
Acute- associated with thiamine deficiency

Question 6

Symptoms of wernickes disease

Answer 6

Eye abnormalities
Paralysis /nystagmus
Confusion
Ataxia

Question 7

Korsakoff syndrome

Answer 7

Chronic
Alcohol included persisting disorder

Question 8

Korsakoff symptoms

Answer 8

Amnesia - retrograde (recent memories)
Amnesia-anterograde (interferes with new learnings)
Disorientation
Peripheral neuropathies
Confabulation

Question 9

Alcohol-other Medical risks

Answer 9

Blunting TSH
Alcohol ketoacidosis
Hypogrycemia
Excess trim acid in blood (gout)
Muscle weakness. Atrophy, tenderness and pain
Vitamin deficiency (thiamine or other b vitamins)
Cancer
Respiratory distress

Question 10

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Answer 10

A range of cognitive, behavioural, and physical disabilities that occur in people exposed to alcohol during gestation

Question 11

Alcohol- effects in pregnancy

Answer 11

Low birth weight
Cv defects
Neonatal irritability
Low muscle tone
Poor concentration
Intellectual delay
Abnormal growth and development
Childhood hyperactivity
Impaired school performance
Cranio-facial abnormalities
CNS dysfunction

Question 12

Coca leaf provided…

Answer 12

“Freedom of fatigue”

Question 13

Stimulants medical risk

Answer 13

Acute cocaine poisoning
Rare and severe allergic reactions
Nasal sores or chronic sinusitis
Cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension, hypotension or cardiac arrest
Uncontrolled muscular contractions
Open sores or burns
Risk for HIV, hep B or C

Question 14

Cocaine and pregnancy

Answer 14

Increased risk of miscarriage and torn placenta

Question 15

Stimulants- psychosocial risks

Answer 15

Paranoia
Impulsivity
Violent behaviour
Compulsive and repetitive behaviour
Lack of concern about well-being
Criminal activity

Question 16

What are CNS depressants

Answer 16

Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Opioids

Question 17

CNS depressants -Medical risks

Answer 17

Over sedation
Memory impairment
Impaired judgement
Confusion pinpoint pupils
Respiratory depression
Seizures
Withdrawal symptoms can be severe

Question 18

Marijuana -Medical risks

Answer 18

Impaired memory
Dry mouth
Lack of coordination
Slowed time sensation
Tachycardia
Panic
Hallucinations-psychotic episode

Question 19

Psychosocial risks of manjuana

Answer 19

Amotivational syndrome (apathy, dullness, disinterest)

Question 20

Examples of hallucinogens

Answer 20

LSD
Magic mushrooms
Ecstasy-mdma
Mescaline-peyote.
PCP

Question 21

Serotonin syndrome

Answer 21

Excess serotonin
Mental status change (confusion, agitation, loss of reality)
Physical changes (tremor, fever, diaphoresis, rigidity, twitching limbs)

Question 22

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 22

Blocks dopamine
Physical changes (fever, irregular pulse, akinesia)

Question 23

Hallucinogens- Medical risk

Answer 23

Serotonin syndrome
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 24

Club drugs include…

Answer 24

Ketamine
GHB
Rohypnol I date rape drug)

Question 25

Inhalants -psychosocial and Medical risks

Answer 25

Mental status changes (decreased concentration, disorientation, depression)
Physical changes (weightless, muscle weakness, organ damage, respiratory tract infection, severe headaches)
Neurological changes (damage to myelin sheath, and peripheral nerve damage)
Sudden sniffing death syndrome

Question 26

Intoxication delirium

Answer 26

Usually occurs within minutes to hours after ingestion.

Duration maybe longer if…
PCP was used
Brain damage
Elderly
Combination of substances
Poor clearance (due to renalor hepatic disease)

Question 27

Hepatitis

Answer 27

Transmitted by exposure to blood, blood products or other bodily fluids
Infected fluid enters the body of a person not commune

Question 28

HBV

Answer 28

Risk factors include; injecting drugs, sexual activity, perinatal contact, tattoos piercings, bites

Question 29

Adolescent special problems

Answer 29

Binge drinking
Rx drug abuse
Inhalants

Question 30

Common signs of adolescent drug abuse

Answer 30

Problems in school
Discipline problems
Secrecy
Withdrawal from family/activities
Smoking cigarettes