LO2 computer software

Question 1

types of software 2.1

Answer 1

open source software, closed source software, bespoke, off the shelf, shareware, freeware, embedded software

Question 2

what is open source software? 2.1

Answer 2

code written by programmers, but can be viewed and modified by users

Question 3

pros of open source software 2.1

Answer 3

Customisable to an individuals needs, low cost, can debug and improve the product, removing unwanted features makes software function faster

Question 4

cons of open source software 2.1

Answer 4

security risks (e.g. malicious code could be added), prone to errors, technical skills that not all posses are required for maintenance, difficult to receive support

Question 5

what is closed source software? 2.1

Answer 5

where code is restricted and can’t be viewed or modified

Question 6

pros of closed source software 2.1

Answer 6

well tested, easier to get help and support, company can be held to account if it docent preform as promised

Question 7

cons of closed source software 2.1

Answer 7

reliance on company to provide updates, not free (often), can’t debug, modify or improve the code for your own benefit

Question 8

what is off the shelf software? 2.1

Answer 8

made for general use and can be used in different ways for different purposes (e.g. Microsoft office)

Question 9

pros of off the shelf software 2.1

Answer 9

tested thoroughly, regular secure updates, cheaper than bespoke software, familiar with many, trustworthy

Question 10

cons of off the shelf software 2.1

Answer 10

some are expensive for individuals and require a yearly licence for certain features like antivirus protection, comes with additional features that some won’t needs which slows down the overall profaormance

Question 11

what is bespoke software? 2.1

Answer 11

software custom made for a specific organisation

Question 12

pros of bespoke software 2.1

Answer 12

built to the specified requirements, unique to a companies needs, no unwanted features so software runs faster, layout can make the company look more professional as its customised to fit the companies house style

Question 13

cons of bespoke software 2.1

Answer 13

expensive, staff may require training, original programmers may need to be kept to maintain and fix software

Question 14

what is shareware? 2.1

Answer 14

allows a trial of the program for a limited amount of time before they have to buy a subscription or not

Question 15

what is freeware? 2.1

Answer 15

software that if freely available to download and use. allows users to try the software and encourages them to buy a full version

Question 16

what is embedded software? 2.1

Answer 16

a smaller system that’s installed in a larger device. has a dedicate purpose, that often runs real-time. usually has memory and storage restrictions due to their size.

Question 17

what is applications software? 2.2

Answer 17

different to apps, as it can be used for a number of different functions depending on its needs and general purpose.

Question 18

what is productivity software? 2.2

Answer 18

used to complete tasks accurately and efficiently. e.g. word processors, presentation software and web browsers, mailing software

Question 19

what do databases and spreadsheets do? 2.2

Answer 19

can store both numerical and textual data ready for analysis. graphs can be created form the spreadsheets made to visualise data. records from either can be record locked so only one person can make edits, stopping data from being incorrectly overwritten. data can be atomised.

Question 20

who are development tools for? 2.2

Answer 20

for programmers who are creating or modifying software

Question 21

what is an IDE and what is it for? 2.2

Answer 21

an integrated development environment is software used to create and edit programs

Question 22

what are some of the tools an IDE has? 2.2

Answer 22

a translator (converts one type of language into another), a complier (converts instructions into machine code) and a debugger (tests code and displays errors).

Question 23

what is business software? 2.2

Answer 23

specialist software made bespoke for an orginisation

Question 24

examples of what business software can do 2.2

Answer 24

design packages pages such as CAD or CAM to design and construct products. project management software allows team collaboration, expert systems uses databases for automatic decision making e.g. a medical diagnosis

Question 25

what is utility software? 2.3

Answer 25

dedicated programs used for maintenance and organisation of a computer system.

Question 26

what is antivirus software used for? 2.3

Answer 26

used to locate and delete viruses on a computer system by scanning each file and compares it to a database of known viruses (must be updated regularly because new ones are created daily). it finds similar features to viruses in a database, identify them and deletes them

Question 27

other roles of antivirus 2.3

Answer 27

checking all incoming and outgoing emails and attachments, checking files as they are downloaded, scans the hard drive for viruses and deleting them

Question 28

what dose a firewall do? 2.3

Answer 28

manages incoming and outgoing network traffic. it processes each data packet for whether it should be given access to a network by examining the source and destination address. unexpected packets will be filtered out and not accepted.

Question 29

other roles of a firewall 2.3

Answer 29

blocking access to insecure or malicious websites, blocking certain programs from accessing the internet, blocking unexpected or unauthorised downloads, prevents specific users on a network accessing certain files

Question 30

what is defragmentation? 2.3

Answer 30

is used to rearrange file on the hard disk drive so all the parts are together again so the speed of accessing data is faster, because over time files will become fragmented (split into parts that are stored in different locations)

Question 31

what is compression? 2.3

Answer 31

decreases the size of the file. means more files can be stored and sent across a network faster.

Question 32

what are monitors, managers and cleaners? 2.3

Answer 32

system monitors

Question 33

what do system monitors do? 2.3

Answer 33

they check the recourses of a computer and display how much CUP time and memory current applications are using. task managers allow a user to close processes and applications if they have stopped responding

Question 34

what dose a disk cleaner do? 2.3

Answer 34

used to scan a hard disk drive and remove unused files to free up space.

Question 35

what dose a disk scanner do? 2.3

Answer 35

it will scan a hard disc for errors and attempt to repair them.

Question 36

what happens when you back up data? 2.3

Answer 36

a copy of data is taken so it can be used if the original data is corrupted or lost . they should be made regularly and stored in an alternative location

Question 37

what is an alternative to backing up data? 2.3

Answer 37

imaging (also known as disk cloning)

Question 38

what dose imaging do? 2.3

Answer 38

it creates an identical image of a storage drive to be stored in a different location.

Question 39

what is an operating system (OS)? 2.4

Answer 39

a software that manages the recourses of a computer system

Question 40

where is the operating system (OS) located? 2.4

Answer 40

BIOS (basic input/output system)

Question 41

what are they types of operating system? 2.4

Answer 41

single user, multi user, single processor , multiple processor , (off the shelf, open source, bespoke)

Question 42

what is a single user operating system? 2.4

Answer 42

found on most desktop computers, laptops and tablets where only one person uses the device at a single time.

Question 43

what is a multi user operating system? 2.4

Answer 43

allows more than one user to access the processor simultaneously without any negative effects.

Question 44

what is a single processor operating system? 2.4

Answer 44

has a single processor (CPU) which is shared between users by dividing the CUP time into time slices and allocating one to each user and gives the impression that their programs are running simultaneously.

Question 45

what is a multiple processor operating system? 2.4

Answer 45

has more than one processor (CPU), is a more complicated system but was a result has improved performance.