LO3? Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is the Meninge’s?
3 protective connective tissue layers which surround the brain, brainstem and spinal cord
What is the role?
To cover and protect blood vessels on teh surface of the brain, acts as the reservoir for cerebrospinal fluid to bath the brain
Discuss the layers in the Meninge’s.
Dura Mater: strong/tough.
2 layers sheet of fibrous connective tissue
Forms sural venous sinuses
Forms partitions (septa)
Arachnoid Mater: web like.
Loose weblike covering brain
Superficial to the subarachnoid space
Pia Mater: gentle mater.
Delicate layer clinging to brain tissue
Dense rich blood supply
What does cerebrospinal fluid do?
CSF:
- CSF Volume = 150ml of brain, we produce 550ml/day
Serves as a cushion from sudden movements
CSF Fluid:
Ultra-filtrate of blood (produced by plexus)
Reabsorbed by Meninge’s
Circulates inside + around brain
What is the importance of blood in the brain?
Nerves cells cannot us feat as an energy source thus requiring blood to function. Blood supplies brain cells with essential nutrients, removes wastes.
What is the anterior circulatory system?
major branches of teh internal carotid arteries
= left ACA + right ACA
supplies medial cortical surfaces of the frontal lobes (leg, feet) u
What is the posterior circulatory system?
left and right PCA
supplies occipital lobe + inferior surfaces of the temporal lobes (many visual areas)
What is the middle circulatory system?
supplies entire lateral cortical surfaces of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes (HEARING + LANGUAGE = wernicke)
Provide an overview of stroke
occurs when blood clot blocks an artery or blood vessel breaks interrupting blood flow to brain.
Can result in permanent acquired brain injury.
Can occur across lifespan
Any clot (thromboembolus) or hemorrhage (bleed) within brain that causes loss of function for more than 24. Hours = stroke or CVA
Affects ability to think, feel, communicate, move
Possible headache but mostly internal pressure which is painless.
What are the early stages of stroke.
Other person identifies symptoms ie change to speech, movement etc
Person presents to ED
Assessed by ED team and in major hospitals, referred to stroke team; assessed clinically and taken for imaging (Ct/MRI)
Diagnosis of stroke is confirmed via imaging; what is the nature of the stroke?
Medical and surgical intervention if indicated
Referral to allied health team
Referral to SP for cognitive, communication, speech and swallow difficulties.
Identify the public health campaign for stroke
Face
Arms
Speech
Time
What are the causes?
Ischemic (shortage of blood) or embolic stroke:
Most common cause, when blood vessel supplying nutrients to brain becomes blocked.
Brain hemorrhage
Second most common; when blood vessel bursts/ruptures inside the head. Disrupts supply of oxygen and glucose to parts of brain. Escaping blood can cause damage by clotting, swelling and triggering inflammation
What is the link of stroke to speech pathology?
Location and severity will determine SP treatment. Because it can effect speech and cognition, speech therapy is an integral part of recovery.
What are the types of HEMORRHAGE
Common 2 main types with causes such as aneurysm (baloon like swelling of blood vessel in brain) trauma, bleeding, use of blood thinners, brain tumor.
INTRACEREBRAL: when blood collects within tissue of brain
SUBARCHNOID: arteries below arachnoid and above pia mater. Cerebrospinal fluid fills parts of brain.
