LO4

Question 1

Whay is osteoarthritis

Answer 1

Erosion of the articular cartilage, bones are caused to rub causing inflammation and restricted joint movement

Question 2

Symptoms and effects of osteoarthritis

Answer 2

-Joint pain and stiffness
-swelling
-tenderness

Question 3

Causes of osteoarthritis

Answer 3

-Repeated joint movement
-previous injuries
-sports/ work

Question 4

osteoarthritis treatments

Answer 4

-Steroids to reduce inflammation
-painkillers
-surgery/joint replacement

Question 5

Osteoarthritis lifestyle impacts

Answer 5

-Pain: makes activities difficult which can cause weight gain which puts more strain on joints.
-less sleep can affect emotions
- day to day activities being independent become difficult

Question 6

What is rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 6

-Antibodies attack joint linings
-causing inflammation and swelling
-long term can cause bone and cartilage to be destroyed

Question 7

rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and effects

Answer 7

-Joint pain
-swelling and stiffness

Question 8

rheumatoid arthritis treatment

Answer 8

-Painkillers
-physiotherapy
-surgery/joint replacement

Question 9

rheumatoid arthritis lifestyle impacts

Answer 9

Same as osteoarthritis

Question 10

What are components of the synovial joint?

Answer 10

-muscle
-bone
-ligament
-tendon
-cartilage
-synovial capsule
-synovial fluid

Question 11

What is the function of the muscle?

Answer 11

It contracts and relaxes to move the joint

Question 12

What is the function of the bone

Answer 12

Provides the framework and support for the attachment of the muscles and other tissues

Question 13

What is the function of the ligament?

Answer 13

Attaches one bone to another bone

Question 14

What is the function of the tendon

Answer 14

Attaches the muscle to the bone

Question 15

What is the function of the cartilage?

Answer 15

Reduces friction and absorbs shock in the joint, allowing the joint to move smoothly

Question 16

What is the function of the synovial capsule?

Answer 16

Gets rid of synovial fluid and maintains joint stability

Question 17

What is the function of the synovial fluid?

Answer 17

Lubricates and nourishes the joint

Question 18

Why do muscles have to work in pairs to create movement?

Answer 18

They can only “pull” when they contract they cannot “push”

Question 19

Name 5 types of joints and where it is located

Answer 19

-Ball and socket: hip/shoulder
-pivot: neck
-hinge: elbow/ knee
-sliding/ gliding: wrist/ ankle
-fixed: pelvis

Question 20

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 20

Due to low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. Leading to fragility and fractures.

Question 21

Osteoporosis causes?

Answer 21

• Age
  -family history
  -heavy drinking and smoking
  -women have a greater risk of getting osteoporosis

Question 22

Symptoms of osteoporosis

Answer 22

Often no obvious symptoms however until a minor fall or a sudden impact causes a fracture. In some cases a cough or a sneeze can cause a rib fracture.

Question 23

Monitoring and Treatment for osteoporosis

Answer 23

Monitoring:
-DEXA scans which measures bone mineral density
-blood tests

Treatments:
-taking calcium and vitamin D supplements
-taking medication to strengthen bone
-using TENS

Question 24

What is the agonist?

Answer 24

The muscle that is contracting or shortening

Question 25

What is a joint?

Answer 25

Formed of tissue and cartilage and is the areas where two or more bones connect. Its main function is to enable a part of the body to move