Local Anaesthetics Flashcards
(6 cards)
1
Q
What are the advantages of using local anaesthetics?
A
- Pre-emptive/Targeted analgesia
- Can be used in high risk patients where GA not appropriate
- Part of a multi-modal analgesia approach intra-op
- Little sedative effects - minimal depression of CNS/Cardio/Resp systems
2
Q
What are the risk of using local anaesthetics?
A
- Nerve damage
- Tissue irritation
- Paraesthesia (pins and needles)
- Allergic reaction
- Hypotension
- Systemic toxicity
3
Q
How do local anaesthetics work?
A
Produce analgesia by blocking sodium channels at nerve endings so block nerve impulse conduction.
4
Q
What sensations are lost when using local anaesthesia?
A
Pain, cold, warmth, Touch, Pressure
They return in the opposite order.
5
Q
What are the methods of administration of local anaesthetics?
A
Local infiltration - Injection (ID/SC/IM)
Regional Anaesthesia - injected into nerve that supplies specific region
Topical - absorbed across MMs and trans-cutaneous
6
Q
Give 4 examples of local anaesthetic drugs?
A
Lignocaine
Bupivacaine
Benzocaine
Mepivicaine
