Local health problems Flashcards
1
Q
Tuberculosis: symptoms
A
- Persistent cough
- coughing up blood
- Weight loss
- High temperature (body feels hot abs weak)
2
Q
TB : causes
A
- infection in the lungs that spreads through the body
- very contagious :
you can catch it through saliva droplets * sprayed when you cough, sneeze, or talk & breathed in my other people) - if eating utensils, glasses, plates, towels, beds etc shared
3
Q
TB: treatment
A
- Takes long time (many months)
- Doctors at clinics give strong meds
- Meds must be taken correctly
4
Q
Diarrhoea: symptoms
A
- severe stomach cramps/pain
- constant upset stomach
- unable to keep food in body for Long
- feeling sick or nauseous
- high fever
5
Q
Diarrhoea: treatment
A
- sip water often as possible
- stop eating meats, dairy and spicy foods
- eat small amounts of apple, carrot, chicken soup, porridge and dry bread
- rest
- go to doctor immediately if diarrhoea continues for more than 24 hours
6
Q
Diarrhoea: causes
A
Germs caught by:
- from someone who is sick with diarrhoea who didn’t wash their hands after going to the toilet
- drink/wash in dirty water
- eating food that is not fresh (flies eggs in rotten food make house very sick)
7
Q
What is cholera? How is it caught?
A
- Severe form of diarrhoea, that doesn’t get better in 24 hours
- Caught by drinking dirty water
8
Q
What is dangerous about diarrhoea?
A
Dehydration (the body losing too much fluid and drying out)
9
Q
Measles: symptoms
A
- starts with cough, sore throat, runny nose
- then spots appear in mouth & face
- spots spread to the rest of the body
10
Q
Measles: prevention
A
- vaccination (at 9 & 18 months)
- don’t share utensils, towels, plates etc with infected persons
11
Q
Measles: causes
A
Germs are airborne
Spreads when
- people live in overcrowded places and
- don’t keep clean and
- share eating utensils, plates, cups, towels etc
12
Q
Measles: treatment
A
- need to see doctor immediately
- drink lots of water
- eat healthily
13
Q
Malaria: causes
A
Bite of a female mosquito
(Although not all mosquitoes carry malaria)
14
Q
Malaria: symptoms
A
- feeling so sick you cannot get out of bed
- high fever
- damages growing bodies & brains
15
Q
Malaria: treatment
A
- stay in bed
- take medicine to help fever down
- drink lots of clean water
- might need to be hospitalized
16
Q
Malaria: prevention
A
- do not leave buckets of water (or any containers that could collect water) lying around
- use mosquito nets at night
- use mosquito repellent
- wear clothing that covers arms/legs
- medicine
17
Q
Malaria: areas (in South Africa)
A
Mpumalanga
Limpopo
Maputuland coast of KZN
18
Q
What is HIV?
A
- HIV = human immunodeficiency virus
- A virus that attacks the body’s immune system, lowering the person’s resistance to infection & cancer.
- Currently no cure; once someone has it, they have it for life.
- If not treated, it can leads to AIDS.
19
Q
How is HIV treated?
A
Cannot be cured.
Can just be controlled (with proper medical care)
20
Q
What is AIDS?
A
- AIDS = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- A disease in which the body loses its immunity i.e. the person’s resistance to infection & cancer is lowered.
21
Q
How is HIV spread?
A
When you come into direct contact with with an infected person’s body fluid (eg blood)
22
Q
HIV cannot be spread by…
A
- hugging
- touching
- sharing utensils, cups or plates
- sitting close to someone with the disease
- using the same toilet as someone with the disease
23
Q
What is stigma
A
Stigma means shame or grace.
Someone who has been stigmatised has a bad reputation.
24
Q
What is a foster mother?
A
A woman who takes place of a mother in raising a child
25
What is a delegate?
A person who has been chosen to represent a group of people, especially at meeting
26
What does "exemplary" mean?
representing the best of its kind
27
Give reasons why people try drugs?
- people who are sad / bored take drugs to help them forget about their feelings
- for excitement
- because their friends put pressure on them to
- because they think it will make them look cool
28
What is bad about using drugs?
- can lead to health problems
- they are very addictive
29
What are legal drugs?
drugs that are legally allowed to be used under certain circumstances eg.
- medicines
- cigarettes
- alcohol
- glue and paint thinners
They are not necessarily good for you.
30
Why are cigarettes bad for you?
bad for your health because:
- damages your lungs
- prevents your brain from developing properly (if you are a child)
- can cause cancer
- makes your teeth
31
At what age are alcohol and cigarettes legal?
alcohol - 18 years old
cigarettes - 16 year old
32
List the negative consequences of drinking alcohol
1. Relaxes you so much that you
- react slower
- lose control of your body
This is why drunk people (drivers & pedestrians) have more road accidents
2. can make people aggressive & cause them to harm others
3. drinking too often can cause problems at home and work
33
List some illegal drugs (drugs that are not allowed to be bought or sold)
- Marijuana
- Crystal meth (tik)
- cocaine
- madrax
- opiates (eg. herion)
- party drugs (eg. Ecstacy)
- prescription drugs that are sold illegally
34
Marijuana
- aka weed
- taken from the Cannabis plant
- people smoke it.
- Short term effects of inhaling the smoke:
1. it causes problems with thinking, learning and memory
2. causes inability to move properly
3. makes you feel very hungry
4. make people do things they wouldn't normally
- long term effects:
1. can't concentrate properly
2. can't remember things
3. damages lungs
4. depression
5. anxiety
35
What is depression?
feeling constantly sad
36
What is anxiety?
feeling afraid
37
Crystal meth
- aka tik
- cheap & popular
- sold as crystals
- people heat up the crystals and then breath in
- can lead to infections (gum disease, tooth decay and skin sores)
- very addictive (because it causes strong feelings of pleasure and energy to start with) BUT it damages the brain
