Location DDX Flashcards by Abigail Goodman

Posterior Fossa- Pediatric

Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Medulloblastoma (vermis)
Ependymoma
Choroid Plexus Papilloma
AT/RT (infant)

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Supratentorial/Cerebral- Pediatric

Ganglioglioma
DNET
PXA
CNS Embryonal Neoplasm
Ependymoma
AT/RT

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Brainstem- Pediatric

Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Diffuse Midline Glioma- H3 K27M

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Spinal Cord Intramedullary- Pediatric

Ependymoma
Pilocytic Astroctyoma
Diffuse Midline Glioma- H3 K27M
Drop metastasis
Myxopapillary Ependymoma

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Spinal Cord Intradural/Extramedullary- Pediatric

Clear Cell Meningioma
Schwannoma
Drop metastasis
Melanocytoma/Melanoma

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Spinal Cord Extradural- Pediatric

Bone tumor (EWS)
Meningioma
Abscess
Vascular Malformation

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Extra-axial/Dural/Leptomeningeal- Pediatric

Secondary Lymphoma/Leukemia
Meningeal Rhabdomyosarcoma
EWS
Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor
Meningeal Gliomatosis
CSF dissemination of Medulloblastoma or CNS embryonal tumor

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Intrasellar

Pituitary Adenoma
Craniopharyngioma
Rathke Cleft Cyst
Pituictyoma
Spindle Cell Oncocytoma
Granular Cell Tumor

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Supracellar/Hypothalamic/Optic Pathway/ Third Ventricle- Pediatric

Germinoma/Mixed Germ Cell Tumor
Craniopharyngioma
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma (infant)
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

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Pineal- Pediatric

Germinoma/MGCT
Pineocytoma
PPTID
Pineoblastoma
Pineal Cyst

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Thalamus- Pediatric

Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Diffuse Mid-line Glioma, H3 K27M-mutant

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Cerebellopontine Angle- Pediatric

Vestibular Schwannoma (NF2, internal auditory meatus)
Choroid Plexus Tumor
AT/RT

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Lateral Ventricle - Pediatric

Central Neurocytoma
SEGA (tuberous sclerosis)
Choroid Plexus Papilloma
Choroid Plexus Carcinoma (infant)

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Nerve Root/Paraspinal- Pediatric

Neurofibroma (NF1)
MPNST
Melanotic Schwannoma/Malignant Melanotic Schwannian Tumor (Carney Complex)

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Supratentorial/Cerebral- Adult

Diffuse Glioma
GBM
Metastases (grey-white junctions)
Lymphoma (periventricular)

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Posterior Fossa- Adult

Metastasis
Hemangioblastoma (cyst w/ mural enhancing nodule)
Choroid Plexus Papilloma

Brainstem- Adult

Diffuse Glioma/ Gliomatosis Cerebri

Met

Spinal Cord Intramedullary- Adult

Ependymoma
Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-mutant
Myxopapillary Endymoma (Filum Terminale)
Paraganglioma (Filum Terminale)

Spinal Cord Intradural/Extramedullary- Adult

Schwannoma (dumbell shape)
Meningioma
Melanocytoma/melanoma
MPNST (NF1)

Spinal Cord Extradural- Adult

Herniated Disc
Postoperative Scar
Secondary Lymphoma
Met
Abscess

Extra-axial/Dural/Leptomeningeal- Adult

Meningioma (dural tail)
SFT/Hemangiopericytoma (dural tail)
Met
Secondary Lymphoma/Leukemia
Marginal Zone Lymphoma
Rosai-Dorfman Disease
IgG4 Dx and Collagen Vascular Disorders
Meningeal Carcinomatosis/Melanomatosis/sarcomatosis/ lymphomatosis/ hemangoblastomatosis

Supracellar/Hypothalamic/Optic Pathway/ Third Ventricle- Adult

Colloid Cyst
Craniopharyngioma
Chordoid Glioma (ant 3rd ventricle)

Pineal- Adult

Pineocytoma
PPTID
Pineal Cyst

Thalamus- Adult

DMG, H3 K27M mutant
GBM
Lymphoma (multifocal)

Cerebellopontine Angle- Adult

``` Vestibular Schwannoma (internal auditory meatus) Meningioma ```

Lateral Ventricle - Adult

``` Central Neurocytoma SEGA (tuberous sclerosis) Choroid Plexus Papilloma Subepnedymoma (+/-E) Meningioma ```

Nerve Root/Paraspinal- Adult

``` Schwannoma (dumbbell shape) Meningioma Secondary Lymphoma Neurofibroma (NF1) MPNST Melanotic Schwannoma/Malignant Melanotic Schwannian tumor (carney complex) ```

Craniopharyngioma

Most frequent supratentorial tumor in children. Usually suprasellar, with 50% having an intrasellar component, occasionally entirely intrasellar. Imaging shows cystic structure with calcification.

Germinoma

Most commonly occurs in the pineal area, while uncommon the 2nd most common site is the suprasellar region.