Location Of The Heart And Layers Of The Heart

Question 1

Describe the location of the heart in the chest

Answer 1

Central mid axila (nipple level on the chest), midclaviular and slightly rotated to the left

Question 2

What is the heart structures?

Answer 2

Inferior and superior vena cava.
Aorta
2 ventricules
2 atriums
Pulmonary arteries and veins

Question 3

What are the 3 layers of the heart?

Answer 3

1. Endocardium (layer on the inside of the heart)
2. Myocardium (middle layer)
3. Pericardium (layer on the outside of the heart)

Question 4

What does tunica adventitia mean?

Answer 4

Outer most layer of the blood vessels

Question 5

What is the pericardium?

Answer 5

The sac of connective tissue that surrounds and encloses the heart. It has two parts:
1. Outer part is fibrous pericardium
2. Inner part is Serous pericardium

Question 6

What is the fibrous pericardium?

Answer 6

It’s fibrous, inelastic tissue that protects and prevents over-distension of the heart. It’s continues with tunica adventitia (outer layer of blood vessels)

Question 7

What is serous pericardium? What are the two layers of the serous pericardium?

Answer 7

Double layer of serous membrane formed from a single layer of endothelial cells folded over itself.
Parietal + visceral layer

Question 8

What is the inner layer of the pericardium called?

Answer 8

Visceral pericardium

Question 9

What is the outer layer of the pericardium called?

Answer 9

Parietal pericardium

Question 10

What is the role of pericardial fluid?

Answer 10

Lies between the two layer of the pericardium

Question 11

What is the myocardium?

Answer 11

Specialised cardiac muscle only found in the heart.
It’s striated like muscle tissue.
Each fibre cell has a nucleus and rich in mitochondria.

Question 12

What is the endocardium?

Answer 12

Thin membrane line chambers and valves in the heart.
Single layer of flattened epithelial cells and is continuous with smooth endothelium lining of the blood vessel.