Locational / Movement Terminology Flashcards
(24 cards)
Inferior
Below, ie: hip girdle is inferior to the shoulder girdle
Superior
Above, ie: skull is superior to spine
Medial
towards the centre of the body, chest is MEDIAL to arm
Lateral
away from the body, ears are lateral to the nose
Anterior
Also referred to as ventral, it is in front of another structure = anterior. Sternum is anterior/ventral to heart
Posterior
Also referred to as dorsal, it is behind another structure. Heart is dorsal/posterior to sternum
Proximal
refers to the location in a structure - proximal is closer, elbow is proximal to wrist.
note for blood vessels proximal is closer to heart
Distal
refers to location in the structure - distal is farther away from the body attachment, phalanges are distal to the elbow
Superficial
closest to the body surface, antonym is DEEP
Horizontal Plane
perpendicular to vertical plane, also known as Transverse
Coronal/Frontal
divides the body into anterior and posterior sesctions
Sagittal
divides the body into right and left, if it is directly in the middle it is MIDSAGGITAL
Ligaments
connect bones to bones, found around joints
Tendons
connect muscle to bone
Origin
attachment of muscle to bone, *usually stationary during movement and *usually proximal attachment
Insertion
attachment of muscle usually by tendon, INTO bone that’s caused to move during muscle contraction. Moves TOWARD origin
Articulation
pulled toward origin, rotation of joint
Flexion
bending a particular portion of the body
-FLEXING
Extension
straightening
Abduction
movement sideways, away from body
-first part of a jumping jack
Adduction
movement toward the body
Circumduction
circular movement, involved flexion-extension & abduction-adduction
-circles with arms
Pronation
- palm facing down
- poring soup bowl
Supination
rotation of palms up
-holding soup
