Logic Test 7 Flashcards
(12 cards)
Enthymemes
An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed. It is a syllogism with one assumed statement.
Hypothetical
A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
Pure Hypothetical Syllogism
An argument that uses only hypothetical statements.
Antecedent
The conditions; the part following the “if”.
Consequent
The result of the condition; the part following the “then”.
Mixed Hypothetical Syllogism
An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements.
What are the two valid hypothetical syllogisms?
Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens.
What are the two invalid hypothetical statements?
Affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent.
Modus Ponens:
If P then Q
P
Therefore, Q
Modus Tollens:
If P then Q
~Q
Therefore, ~P
Affirming the Consequent
If P then Q
Q
Therefore, P
Denying the antecedent
If P then Q
~P
Therefore, ~Q
