Logical Fallacies

Question 0

Non Sequitur arguments

Answer 0

the conclusion doesn’t logically follow the explanation

Question 1

Begging the Question (or circular logic)

Answer 1

the writer presents an arguable point as a fact that supports the argument

Question 2

Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc (after this, therefore also this)

Answer 2

assumes a faulty causal relationship

Question 3

Faulty Analogies

Answer 3

dissimilar comparisons lead to faulty conclusions

Question 4

Hasty Generalizations

Answer 4

base an argument on insufficient evidence

Question 5

Red Herrings

Answer 5

have little relevance to the argument at hand

Question 6

Ignoring the Question

Answer 6

shifts the focus to an unrelated argument and dodges the real issue

Question 7

Opposing a Straw Man

Answer 7

address only the opposition’s weakest point to refute

Question 8

Either-Or arguments

Answer 8

reduce complex issues to black and white choices

Question 9

Slippery Slopes

Answer 9

speculates that one step inevitably leads to the next (lacks solid evidence)

Question 10

Bandwagon appeals (ad populum)

Answer 10

everyone believes something, so the reader should also

Question 11

False Authority

Answer 11

an authority in one field knows nothing in another field

Question 12

Ad Hominem

Answer 12

questions/attacks the opponent’s character