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lonestar review Flashcards

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1
Q

What allowed the United States to rapidly industrialize?

A

abundant natural resources, labor supply increase, expanding market for manuf goods, availability of capital for investment

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1
Q

Which captain of industry maintained a steel empire?

A

Andrew Carnegie

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2
Q

How did the Dawes Act of 1887 affect the Native American population?

A

they were allotted individual farms and remaining land from reservations was now available to whites (took their land)

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3
Q

What is the Haymarket Affair?

A

1886 anarchist protest at Haymarket Square in Chicago; 8 died including 7 policemen led to trial of 8 anarchist leaders for conspiracy to commit murder

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4
Q

What was the impact of the Haymarket Affair?

A

created panic and hysteria in Chicago and increased anti-labour and anti-immigrant sentiment and suspicion of the international anarchist movement

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5
Q

What is bimetallism?

A

Use silver+gold to back dollar

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6
Q

Which political group advocated for bimetallism?

A

Populists

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7
Q

Why did they support bimetallism?

A

Most were farmers and it would increase price of their crops

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8
Q

What is the Gold Standard?

A

Dollar set at fixed price in terms of gold

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9
Q

Define the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

A

1882 law halting Chinese imm to US

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10
Q

Why did nativists want to limit immigration to America?

A

scared of them, exclude different beliefs to keep being American, saw them as economic competition-steal jobs

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11
Q

What were the driving factors behind the United States expanding its reach beyond the borders of the continental United States?

A

interest in expanded trade (indust + agricultural), middle class women wanted clothes from abroad, american culture superior

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12
Q

Define populism

A

1892 advocation of many reform issues (free coinage of silver, income tax, postal savings, regulation of RR, direct election of senators)

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13
Q

Which group of people were largely the base for the Populist Party?

A

Farmer’s Alliance

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14
Q

What did the Populist Party want the government to do?

A

regulate large scale cooperative enterprise (RR, national market, etc) and promote public good via business

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15
Q

Who were the progressives?

A

1900-1917 sought govt action in problems of amer life (education, health, econ, environ, labor, transportation, politics)

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16
Q

Who were the progressive presidents?

A

Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft, Woodrow Wilson

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17
Q

Who was Upton Sinclair? What is he known for?

A

writer of The Jungle (described unsanitary slaughterhouses and rotten meat -> Pure Food and Drug Act + Meat Inspection Act of 1906 passed)

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18
Q

Who was Jacob Riis? What is he known for?

A

photographist who depicted living conditions in NYC’s slums and wrote How the Other Half Lives containing said photos for same purpose

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19
Q

What are the driving forces behind increased globalization in the 1990s?

A

satellites, internet -> info and culture spread throughout world -> manuf and $ institutes find profitable investment opportunities. collapse of comm -> world is open to capitalism and limited government ideas

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20
Q

What is perestroika?

A

meaning restructuring of the soviet economic and political system

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21
Q

How did perestroika affect the Soviet Union?

A

added to existing shortages, and created political, social, and economic tensions within the Soviet Union

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22
Q

What is Glasnost?

A

meaning openness in both the government and among the Soviet people. This included more freedom of religion and speech

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23
Q

How did Glasnost affect the Soviet Union?

A

weakened central gov, more local gov

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24
What happened to the former Soviet Republics, beginning around the year 1989?
they began peaceful revolutions against communism
25
Who is Mikhail Gorbachov?
took over the USSR in 1985, instituted two policies perestroika and glasnost
26
What happens to Gorbachov in the 1990s?
resigns from Comm party bc econ reform led fo chaos + political policies of openness led to national + ethnic tensions rise to surface
27
What started the Gulf War?
Iraq invaded Kuwait
28
Why was Saddam Hussein invading Kuwait?
oil
29
How did the US respond to Gulf War?
Bush persuaded the United Nations member countries to join a UN coalition to stop Iraq, set a deadline for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait
30
What was Operation Desert Storm?
cruise missiles and laser guided bombs fell on Iraq destroying its air defenses, bridges, artillery, and other military targets, 100 hours after the ground war began quick
31
Where did the President stage troops in anticipation for a potential invasion of Iraq?
kuwait
32
How did the UN respond to the invasion of Kuwait?
they helped US
33
Who is Saddam Hussein?
Iraq dictator
34
What happened in the 1980s that placed Iraq into heavy debt?
Iran-Iraq War
35
Who is George H.W. Bush?
presd 1989-1993, older one
36
What were George H.W. Bush domestic policies?
Americans with Disabilities-banned discrim
36
Who is Barrack Obama?
first african american presd, 2008
37
What was the pressing domestic issue for President Obama?
i think healthcare? or recession
38
How did Barrack Obama address the economic crisis in America?
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, The Affordable Care Act-more access to health care
39
What major event turned President Bush’s focus from being a domestic policy president to a foreign policy president.
9/11
40
What position did Colin Powell hold during the Bush administration?
Secretary of State
41
Prior to his impeachment, President Clinton was being investigated for what during his time as the Governor of Arkansas?
sexual harassment
42
What was President Reagan’s foreign policy known as?
Peace through strength
43
What was President Reagan’s foreign policy purpose?
Building up US military/spending to send message to USSR(evil empire), increased budget by 1.5 trillion
44
Which striking group did Reagan have fired?
PATCO Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization
45
Why did President Reagan invade Grenada?
Because they feared USSR and Cuba would use its airports to attack them
46
What is NAFTA?
This brought Mexico into the free trade zone with the USA and Canada. It resulted in an increase in exports of American goods to Canada and Mexico. (more trade)
47
While NAFTA allowed for free trade in North America, what were some of the negative effects of the NAFTA agreement?
Radically changed economy of these 3 countries US factories have moved to Mexico because labor costs are cheaper.
48
What the purpose of the SDI?
create a missile shield to protect US from incoming missiles
49
Why did the Soviet object to the SDI?
fear SDI will neutralize their primary source of military and political power
50
What did critics of the SDI policy nickname it?
Star Wars
51
What was the “Dot com” boom?
stocks of internet related companies helped fuel the prosperity of the 1990s, new economy also required american workers to acquire new skills, caused by World wide web
52
What is a bull market?
period of time when major stock market indexes are generally rising
53
What is a bear market?
a prolonged drop in investment prices
53
What is a recession
before depression,significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy
54
Define Stagflation
high unemployment + high inflation, stagnant economy
55
How did President Reagan plan to fix stagflation?
lower taxes and fewer government regulations, decrease money supply
55
Define Reaganomics
supply-side economic -Reduce government spending -Reduce taxes for wealthy/business -Reduce government regulations -Control the money supply
56
Who largely benefited from the tax cuts passed during the Reagan administration?
CEOs, large corporations, rich ppl
56
Define supply side economics.
economic theory that lower taxed will boost the economy as businesses and individuals will invest their money, critics called "trickle down" economics
57
What is the Iran-Contra Affair?
Leftists sandinistas took control of NIcaragua in 1979, Reagan supported anti-sandinista guerillas the Contras, Boland amendment was designed to prevent Reagan’s administration or CIA from aiding the Contras, sell weapons to Iran for money and used it to supply Contras
58
Who took the blame for the Iran-Contra Affair?
Reagan at first then Oliver North
59
Briefly describe the Bush v. Gore court case.
Florida popular votes were close During the voting process, thousands of voters had not fully punched their holes in the paper ballots (called hanging chads) Gore demanded a recount State officials refused to extend the deadline for the recount and named Bush as the winner gore then tried to appeal to court
60
What was the final decision by the Supreme Court on Bush v. Gore?
5 to 4 vote to end recount
60
What is the Heritage Foundation?
Formulates conservative ideas that promote their public policies-free enterprise and limited gov
61
Define the Moral Majority
Christian right and the Republican Party in the United State, scared of sexual rev
61
What was significant about the National Rifle Association and the 1980 election?
backed Reagan, was 1st time they backed a president
62
How did the US respond to the September 11 terror attacks?
President Bush launched a global "war on terror" to bring those responsible for the attack to justice and identify those countries who were harboring terrorist groups
62
What is the PATRIOT Act?
2001 allowed the federal government to expand its law enforcement power in protecting against aggression
63
What is the “No Child Left Behind” policy?
Required states to give annual standardized tests in math and reading grades 3-8 in an attempt to raise educational standards
63
Why did the US invade Iraq in 2003?
US intelligence believed Weapons of Mass Destruction were there
64
Who is Sandra Day O’Connor?
1st female justice of supreme court appointed 1981 Reagan
64
Who is Sonia Sotomayor?
First hispanic supreme court justice, woman who has served on Supreme Court 2009
65
What effect did hurricane Katrina have on New Orleans?
fifth deadliest storm in U.S. history, 1,833 lives lost. It was also the costliest hurricane to strike the U.S. doing billions of dollars in damages.
65
What caused the massive flooding in New Orleans?
mayor slow to order evac and didnt provide the poor transportation, levees failed
66
What federal agency was responsible for helping the victims of Hurricane Katrina?
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA); barely prepared
67
Who were the candidates in 2016 Election?
Hillary Clinton, Bernie Sanders, Donald Trump, 17 others
68
Who won the 2016 Election?
TRUUmp
68
What was significant about Ross Perot’s 3rd party presidential campaign?
Best since 1912, won 19% pop vote, took votes from main parties
69
Who ran for president in the 1992 election?
Bill Clinton, Bush, Ross Perot
70
Who won the 1992 election?
Bill Clinton
71
What does it mean when Bill Clinton is identified as a “New Democrat”?
he wanted to separate himself from the more liberal democrats
71
What is the “Contract with America?”
republicans create (resurgence of conservatism) program proposed 10 major changes: lowering taxes, welfare reform, tougher anti crime laws etc, senate defeated several proposals and president vetoed many others
71
Which political party made a “contract" 1992
Republicans
72
What was the role of social media in the 2008 election?
Gathered support and raised campaign funds
73
Who did the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 benefit the most?
umemployed, workers, businesses
73
Why was the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 bill needed?
great recession started
74
Who ran for president in the 1980 election?
Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, Anderson
75
How big of a margin did the president win the 1980 election?
Reagan got 489 electoral votes while carter got 49
76
Why was the 1980 election so one sided?
Carter lost the confidence of american people

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