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Dx Imaging 2 > Lord of the Xrays- Fellowship > Flashcards

Lord of the Xrays- Fellowship Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Epiphyseal injurings affect….

common sites…

A

affect bone growth (so do metaphysis injuries)

common sites: distal tibia, fibula, ulna, and radius

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2
Q

Partial dislocation =

A

subluxation

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3
Q

full dislocation =

A

luxation

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4
Q

Diastasis =

A

separation of adjacent joint surfaces of a fibrous or cartilaginous joint

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5
Q

Fracture healing is dependent on…

A

fragment apposition, fracture fixation, blood supply

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6
Q

Hematoma =

A

bleeding from vessel damage, clot formation, osteocyte necrosis

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7
Q

Inflammation occurs…

A

w/in several hours, proliferation of cells in periosteum and endosteum, granulation tissue bridges fragments, hematoma resorbed capillary buds enter

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8
Q

Callus in fracture healing…

A

fibroblast proliferation, granular tissue undergoes metaplasia to collagenoblasts, chondroblasts, and osteobalsts, 3 weeks post rauma, stability increases

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9
Q

Consolidation in fracture healing…

A

Osteoclasts are introduced by capillaries, alter woven bone to become lamellar bone, can withstand normal load

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10
Q

Remodeling in fracture healing…

A

months to years, bony bridge is remodeled to pretrauma size/shape, excess callus removed, medullary canal recanalized

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11
Q

Fracture descriptions: avulsion

A

fragment pulled from ligament or tendon attachment

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12
Q

Fracture descriptions: closed

A

doesn’t penetrate skin

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13
Q

Fracture descriptions: comminuted

A

more than two fragments

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14
Q

Fracture descriptions: complicated

A

may damage nerves, vessels, or viscera

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15
Q

Fracture descriptions: corner

A

articular margin, small fragment

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16
Q

Fracture descriptions: Greenstick

A

incomplete fracture in children, concave side of bending bone intact, convex has ragged fx line.

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17
Q

Fracture descriptions: impaction

A

fragment telescoped into adjacent fragment

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18
Q

Fracture descriptions: incomplete

A

fracture line doesn’t traverse or penetrate entire bone

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19
Q

Fracture descriptions: insufficiency

A

stress fracture of a diseased bone, repeated application of normal load

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20
Q

Fracture descriptions: intrarticular

A

extends thru articular surface of joint, may be complicated by chondrolysis for intra-articular bone

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21
Q

Fracture descriptions: oblique

A

oblique to long axis of bone, but doesn’t spiral

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22
Q

Fracture descriptions: open

A

penetrates skin

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23
Q

Fracture descriptions: pathologic

A

occurs in bone weakened by disease

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24
Q

Fracture descriptions: pseudoarthorosis

A

articulation b/w bone fragments after non-union

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25
Fracture descriptions: spiral
oblique and coils around long axis of bone
26
Fracture descriptions: stellate
occur in flat bone, radiates from central point
27
Fracture descriptions: torus
incomplete in long bone, seen in children, cortical bulge on concave side, common of distal radius
28
Fracture descriptions: transverse
fx line is perpendicular to long axis, greater likely hood of underlying pathology
29
Fracture descriptions: unstable
biomechanically unstable, tends to displace once reduced non surgically and immobilized
30
Salter harris type 1
thru epipyhsis, physis is widened imperceptible on radiograph
31
Salter harris type 2
transverse fx thru the physis and a small portion of the metaphysis, seperated metaphysis called "thurston-holland fragment", very rare to have growth disturbance
32
Salter harris type 3
transverse fx thru a portion of physis and a portion of epiphysis. Extends into joint space.
33
Salter harris type 4
oblique or spiral fx thru the metaphysis, physis and apiphysis. Possible joint destruction. May cause deformity
34
Salter harris type 5
reduction of physis.
35
Most common fx during birth
clavicle
36
Most common clavicle fx sites
80% middle, 15% lateral
37
Non-union of clavicle fx may cause...
hypertrophic callus that impinges neurovascular bundle
38
clavicle fx managed via
immobilzation of a figure eight brace
39
Fx of proximal humerus occur...
surgical neck
40
Proximal humerus fx commonly
FOOSH (common w/ osteoporosis)
41
Proximal humerus considered displaced if...
angulation exceeds 45 degrees or fracture is displaced more than one cm
42
Neer Classification: 1
Head of humerus
43
Neer Classification: 2
Greater Tubercle humerus
44
Neer Classification: 3
Lesser Tubercle humerus
45
Neer Classification: 4
Surgical neck humerus
46
Scapula fracture (common/uncommon). Mechanism of injury
uncommon | direct impact
47
Scapula classification: 1
Glenoid fossa
48
Scapula classification: 2
glenoid fossa to lateral border
49
Scapula classification: 3
glenoid fossa to superior border
50
Scapula classification: 4
glenoid fossa to medial border
51
Bankart lesion
avulsion of the inferior rim, related to anterior humerus dislocation
52
A/C joint dislocation often a result of...
a fall onto the lateral margin of the shoulder
53
A/C joint dislocation grade 1
ligamentous sprain, no radiographic evidence
54
A/C joint dislocation grade 2
joint widening;
55
A/C joint dislocation grade 3
>25-100% displacement- coracoclavicular ligament
56
A/C joint dislocation grade 4
complete dislocation
57
A/C joint dislocation grade 5
total dislocation with marked SUPERIOR displacement
58
A/C joint dislocation grade 6
total dislocation with marked INFERIOR displacement
59
Glenohumeral dislocation... 95% directed
anteriorly
60
glenohumeral dislocation... 60% are
impaction fx of the posterolateral surface of humeral head
61
Glenohumeral dislocation... 15% with
avulsion of greater tuberostiy
62
MC Glenohumeral dislocation
subcoracoid
63
Sternoclavicular joint dislocation typically dislocates...
anterior from a blow to the posterior shoulder
64
Sternoclavicular joint dislocation... direct posterior blow will
dislocate the medial end of the clavicle posteriorly
65
Biceps tendon injury visualized by...
round, low signal intensity structure w/in the intertubercular groove on axial MRI

Dx Imaging 2 (1 decks)

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