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lower body Flashcards

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1
Q

4 muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris group?

A
  • rectus femoris
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus intermedius
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2
Q

What actions do the quadriceps femoris group perform?

A

All: extend the knee (tibiofemorial joint)
Rectus Femoris: Flex the hip (coxal joint)

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3
Q

What is the origin of rectus femoris muscle?

A

AIIS (Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine)

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4
Q

Origin of vastus medialis?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

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5
Q

Origin of vastus lateralis?

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and greater trocanter

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6
Q

Origin of vastus intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

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7
Q

Insertion of all quadricep femoris muscles?

A

Tibial Tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

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8
Q

3 Muscles that make up the Hamstrings?

A
  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
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9
Q

What actions do the biceps femoris perform?

A
  • flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
  • laterally rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)
  • Long head: extends the hip (coxal joint)
  • Long Head: Assists to laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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10
Q

Origin of the biceps femoris?

A

Long Head: Ischial tuberosity
Short Head: Lateral lip of linea aspera

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11
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris?

A

Head of fibula

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12
Q

Nerve root of biceps femoris?

A

Long Head: Sciatic (tibial branch, L5, S1, 2, 3)

Short Head: Sciatic (peroneal branch L5, S1, 2)

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13
Q

What actions does the semitendinosus muscle perform?

A
  • Flexes the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
  • Medially rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)
  • Extend the hip (coxal joint)
  • Assist to medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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14
Q

What is the origin of semitendinosus muscle?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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15
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus muscle?

A

Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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16
Q

Nerve root of semitendinosus muscle?

A

Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2

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17
Q

Actions of the semimembranosus muscle?

A
  • Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
  • Medially rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)
  • Extend the hip
  • Assist to medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
  • Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
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18
Q

Origin of semimembranosus muscle?

A

Ischial Tuberosity

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19
Q

Insertion of semimembranosus muscle?

A

Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

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20
Q

Nerve root of semimembranosus muscle?

A

Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2

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21
Q

Nerve root of quadriceps femoris group?

A

Femoral L2, 3, 4

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22
Q

Muscles in the gluteal group?

A

Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

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23
Q

Action of the gluteus maximus?

A

All Fibers: Extend the hip

Laterally rotate the hip

Abduct the hip

Lower fibers: Adduct the hip

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24
Q

Origin of Gluteus Maximus?

A

Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

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25
Insertion of gluteus maximus?
Iliotibial Tract/ Band (upper fibers) gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)
26
Nerve root of Gluteus Maximus?
Inferior Gluteal **L5, S1, 2**
27
Action of Gluteus Medius?
All fibers: Abduct the hip Anterior fibers: Flex the hip Medially rotate the hip Posterior fibers: Extend the hip Laterally rotate the hip
28
Origin of Gluteus Medius?
Gluteal surface of the ilium, between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest
29
Insertion of gluteus medius?
lateral aspect of greater trochanter
30
Nerve root of gluteus medius?
superior gluteal, **L4, 5, S1**
31
Action of gluteus minimus?
abduct the hip medially rotate the hip flex the hip
32
Origin of gluteal minimus?
gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
33
Insertion of gluteus minimus?
Anterior aspect of greater trochanter
34
Nerve root of gluteus minimus?
Superior gluteal **L4, 5, S1**
35
What muscles are in the adducter group? (5)
Adducter Magnus Adducter Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Gracilis
36
What action do all adductors do?
adduct the hip medially rotate the hip All except gracilis- flex the knee
37
Action of Adductor Magnus?
Adduct the hip medially rotate the hip assist to flex the hip Posterior fibers: Extend the hip
38
Origin of adductor Magnus?
Inferior ramus of pubis, ramis of ischium, and ischial tuberosity
39
Insertion of Adductor Magnus?
Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle
40
Nerve root of Adductor Magnus?
Obturator L2, **3, 4** and Sciatic L**4**, 5, S1
41
Action of Adductor Longus?
Adduct the hip Medially rotate the hip Assist to flex the hip
42
Origin of Adductor Longus?
Pubic Tubercle
43
Insertion of Adductor Longus?
Medial lip of linea aspera
44
Nerve root of Adductor Longus?
Obturator, L**2, 3,** 4
45
Action of Adductor Brevis?
Adduct the hip medially rotate the hip assist to flex the hip
46
Origin of Adductor Brevis?
Inferior ramus of pubis
47
Insertion of Adductor Brevis?
Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
48
Nerve root of Adductor Brevis?
Obturator L**2, 3, 4**
49
Action of Pectineus?
Adduct the hip medially rotate the hip assist to flex the hip
50
Origin of Pectineus?
Inferior ramus of pubis
51
Insertion of pectineus?
Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
52
Nerve root of Pectineus?
Femoral and obturator L**2, 3**, 4
53
Action of Gracilis?
Adduct the hip medially rotate the hip flex the knee medially rotate the knee
54
Origin of Gracilis?
inferior ramus of pubis
55
Insertion of gracilis?
Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
56
Nerve root of Gracilis?
Obturator L**2, 3, 4**
57
Actions of Tensor Fasciae Latae?
Flex the hip Medially rotate the hip Abduct the hip
58
Origin of Tensor Fasciae Latae?
Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS
59
Insertion of tensor fascae latae?
Iliotibial Tract
60
Innervation of Tensor Fascae Latae
Superior Gluteal, L4, 5, S1
61
Actions of Sartorius?
Flex the hip Laterally rotate the hip Abduct the hip Flex the knee Medially rotate the flexed knee
62
Origin of sartorius?
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
63
Insertion of sartorius?
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
64
Innervation of sartorius?
Femoral L2, 3, (4)
65
What muscles are in the lateral rotators of the hip? (5)
Piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus inferior
66
What are the actions of piriformis?
Laterally rotate the hip Abduct the hip when flexed
67
What is the origin of piriformis?
Anterior surface of the sacrum
68
What is the insertion of piriformis?
Superior aspect of greater trochanter

Myology (2 decks)

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