Lower Body Injuries Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are common mechanisms of ACL rupture?
Non-contact pivoting, landing on one leg, deceleration, or hyperextension.
What contributes to Achilles tendon rupture?
Repeated microtrauma, high force loading, aging, and poor conditioning.
How does knee adduction moment relate to OA?
Higher moment increases medial joint loading, accelerating cartilage degeneration.
What is the function of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?
To resist anterior translation of the tibia on the femur and provide rotational and varus/valgus stability in full extension.
Why does repeated flexion and lateral bending increase disc herniation risk?
It creates shear and compressive forces that stress the annulus fibrosis and can cause the nucleus pulposus to bulge.
How does obesity influence gait mechanics?
Increases joint loading, stance duration, GRFs, and alters loading angles—raising fall and osteoarthritis risk.
What’s the typical failure mechanism in a greenstick fracture?
Incomplete fracture of a long bone, often seen in children, due to bending forces.
Where does the ACL attach and what is its function?
Attaches tibia to femur; prevents anterior tibial translation and provides rotational stability.
How does knee flexion affect ACL loading?
Lower flexion angles during landing increase ACL strain by reducing shock absorption capacity.
Give two examples of body positions that increase frontal knee joint moments.
Valgus collapse during cutting; upright posture during landing without sufficient knee bend.
What happens to ACL strain when knee flexion decreases during landing?
ACL loading increases due to reduced energy absorption and increased anterior tibial translation
