Lower Exremities Flashcards
(28 cards)
● How many phalanx does the 1st toe have?
2
● AP Foot - what is the tube angle?
10 degrees celephad
● Why do we angle on AP foot?
● What is the central ray for AP Foot
Promixal or base of the 3rd metatarsal joint
● What is the central ray for AP toe only?
10 - 15 degrees cephalad
● Degree of oblique for medial oblique foot?
30- 40 degrees medially
● How can you identify a quality oblique foot?
3rd- 5th metatarsal free of superimposed and sinus tarsi joint space is open
● What is superimposed on the lateral foot?
Head of the metatarsal ( true lateral: tibiotalar joint is open )
● What is weight bearing feet evaluating?
Injury to the structural ligaments of the foot ( ex: lisfranc joint injury)
● How do you perform the tangential view of the sesamoid bones?
Patient positioning: prone
- foot is dorsiflex to form a 15-20 degree angle
- CR: perpendicular ( no angle ) to the first metatarsal joint
● What degree of tube angle for the axial calcaneus?
40 degrees celephad
● What position is the foot in for the AP ankle?
Dorsiflex the foot
● Ankle Obliques - mortise vs. 45
Mortise: foot oblique 15-20 degrees, distal tibial plafond is open and medial malleolus demonstrated
oblique 45: medial malleolus is closed
● What is open on the 45 degree oblique? Ankle
demonstrate the distal tibiofibular joint open, with no or minimal overlap on the average person.
- The lateral malleolus and talus joint should show no or only slight superimposition, but the medial malleolus and talus will be pertially superimposed.
● What joint space is open on the lateral ankle?
Entire talus and calcaneus visualized. ( ankle joint is open )
• Fibula (Lateral malleolus)
superimposed over posterior half of tibia.
● How could you identify over rotation on a lateral ankle?
Tib fib is slightly superimposed
● Who stresses the ankle for ankle stress views?
Physician
● AP knee central ray?
Rotate knee internally 3-5degrees for true ap knee
CR is to the articular facet of the tibial plateau
● How are the femoral condyles positioned? Parallel or perpendicular? For ap knee
Parallel
● Lateral knee - degree of bend?
20-30 degrees
● Lateral knee recumbent - tube angle and direction?
5-7 degree’s celephad
● What should be superimposed?
Lateral and medial condyles
● Lateral Knee rotation - Can you identify Under rotation vs. over rotation
Over rotated: Fibular head completely free of tibia not superimposed = kneed needs to rotate internally towards the board
Fibular head covered by tibia or superimposed = need to
externally rotate leg away from the board
● What joint is open on the medial oblique knee
Proximal tibial fibular joint is open
The head of the tibfib is free of superimposition