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Lower Exremities Flashcards

(28 cards)

1
Q

● How many phalanx does the 1st toe have?

A

2

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2
Q

● AP Foot - what is the tube angle?

A

10 degrees celephad

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3
Q

● Why do we angle on AP foot?

A
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4
Q

● What is the central ray for AP Foot

A

Promixal or base of the 3rd metatarsal joint

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5
Q

● What is the central ray for AP toe only?

A

10 - 15 degrees cephalad

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6
Q

● Degree of oblique for medial oblique foot?

A

30- 40 degrees medially

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7
Q

● How can you identify a quality oblique foot?

A

3rd- 5th metatarsal free of superimposed and sinus tarsi joint space is open

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8
Q

● What is superimposed on the lateral foot?

A

Head of the metatarsal ( true lateral: tibiotalar joint is open )

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9
Q

● What is weight bearing feet evaluating?

A

Injury to the structural ligaments of the foot ( ex: lisfranc joint injury)

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10
Q

● How do you perform the tangential view of the sesamoid bones?

A

Patient positioning: prone
- foot is dorsiflex to form a 15-20 degree angle
- CR: perpendicular ( no angle ) to the first metatarsal joint

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11
Q

● What degree of tube angle for the axial calcaneus?

A

40 degrees celephad

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12
Q

● What position is the foot in for the AP ankle?

A

Dorsiflex the foot

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13
Q

● Ankle Obliques - mortise vs. 45

A

Mortise: foot oblique 15-20 degrees, distal tibial plafond is open and medial malleolus demonstrated

oblique 45: medial malleolus is closed

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14
Q

● What is open on the 45 degree oblique? Ankle

A

demonstrate the distal tibiofibular joint open, with no or minimal overlap on the average person.

  • The lateral malleolus and talus joint should show no or only slight superimposition, but the medial malleolus and talus will be pertially superimposed.
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15
Q

● What joint space is open on the lateral ankle?

A

Entire talus and calcaneus visualized. ( ankle joint is open )

• Fibula (Lateral malleolus)
superimposed over posterior half of tibia.

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16
Q

● How could you identify over rotation on a lateral ankle?

A

Tib fib is slightly superimposed

17
Q

● Who stresses the ankle for ankle stress views?

18
Q

● AP knee central ray?

A

Rotate knee internally 3-5degrees for true ap knee

CR is to the articular facet of the tibial plateau

19
Q

● How are the femoral condyles positioned? Parallel or perpendicular? For ap knee

20
Q

● Lateral knee - degree of bend?

A

20-30 degrees

21
Q

● Lateral knee recumbent - tube angle and direction?

A

5-7 degree’s celephad

22
Q

● What should be superimposed?

A

Lateral and medial condyles

23
Q

● Lateral Knee rotation - Can you identify Under rotation vs. over rotation

A

Over rotated: Fibular head completely free of tibia not superimposed = kneed needs to rotate internally towards the board

Fibular head covered by tibia or superimposed = need to
externally rotate leg away from the board

24
Q

● What joint is open on the medial oblique knee

A

Proximal tibial fibular joint is open

The head of the tibfib is free of superimposition

25
● What is demonstrated on the Tunnel views?
Intercondylar fossa in profile • No rotation • Articular facets and intercondylar eminence well visualized
26
● CR for AP Hip?
Rotate leg 15- 20 degrees medially CR : Perpendicular to the femoral neck
27
● Hip Localization Method
3-4 inch distal to asis and 1-2 inches medially
28
● Why do we do an internal rotation for AP hip?