Lower extremities

Question 1

the usual cause of retroperitoneal hemorrhage secondary to pelvic fx

Answer 1

disruption of the venous plexus in the post pelvis

Question 2

main blood supply to femoral head

Answer 2

ascending branch of medial circumflex

Question 3

how to reduce the incidence of heterotopic ossification?

Answer 3

indomethacin; radiation

Question 4

most common traumatic hip dislocations

Answer 4

post

Question 5

the classic appearance of an individual w/ post. hip dislocat

Answer 5

• severe pain

- flex, internal rotat, adduct

Question 6

position of an individual w/ ant. hip dislocat

Answer 6

hip in external rotat, flex, abduct

Question 7

why should one reduce the hip on an urgent basis?

Answer 7

to minimize the risk of osteonecrosis of femoral head

Question 8

almost all femoral head fx are associated w/ _______

Answer 8

hip dislocations

Question 9

where is the weight bearing surface of femoral head?

Answer 9

superior to the fovea

Question 10

appearance of an individual w/ displaced femoral neck fx

Answer 10

nonambulatory, short, ext. rotat

Question 11

disadvantage of prosthetic placement vs ORIF

Answer 11

greater blood loss

Question 12

primary total hip replacement vs hemiarthroplasty

Answer 12

eliminates the potential for acetabular erosion

Question 13

landmarks of acetabulum (AP)

Answer 13

(a) iliopubic or iliopectineal(arcuate) line;
(b) ilioischial line
(c) teardrop
(d) roof of the acetabulum;
(e) anterior rim of the acetabulum;
(f) posterior rim of the acetabulum.

Question 14

complications of femoral neck fx

Answer 14

• ORIF:nonunion, osteonecrosis, fixation failure

- Replacement: dislocation

Question 15

appearance of intertrochanteric fx

Answer 15

short, ext. rotat, varus

Question 16

intertrochanteric fx stability is determined by

Answer 16

the presence of posteromedial bony contact

Question 17

which vascular structure is prone to injuries in knee dislocation?

Answer 17

popliteal

Question 18

reduction after radiograph in knee dislocation

Answer 18

no. immediate reduction bf radiograph

Question 19

most common long bone fx

Answer 19

tibia/fibula shaft fx

Question 20

highest nonunion rate for all long bones

Answer 20

diaphyseal tibia fx

Question 21

deltoid lig(medial ankle)

Answer 21

*superficial
1.naviculotibial
2.calcaneotibial
3.talotibial
*deep
deep talotibial

Question 22

fibilar collateral lig (lat ankle)

Answer 22

1. ant talofibular
2. post talofibular
3. calcaneofibular

Question 23

how to manage dislocated ankle?

Answer 23

reduced and splinted immediately (bf image)