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Anatomy THE Final > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Origin and Insertion of Abductor Hallucis

A

O: Calcaneus (tuberosity), flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponsuerosis

I: Proximal phalanx - medial side (great toe) and medial sesamoid bone

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2
Q

Origin and Insertion of Adductor Hallucis (oblique head)

A

O: 2nd-4th metatarsal and peroneus longus (tendon of,)

I: Proximal phalanx - lateral side (great toe)

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3
Q

Origin and Insertion of Adductor Hallucis (transverse head)

A

O: Plantar metatarsophalangeal ligament 3rd-5th digits and the deep transverse metatarsal ligament

I: Proximal phalanx - lateral side (great toe)

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4
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Cuboid bone, lateral cuneiform, and tibialis posterior (tendon of,)

I: Proximal phalanx - medial/lateral sides (great toe)

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5
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

O: Fibula (distal two-thirds), interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septa

I: Distal phalanx (great toe)

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6
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

O: Fibula (middle two-quarters) and adjacent interosseous membrane

I: Distal phalanx (great toe)

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7
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus (superior, lateral), talocalcancaneal ligament, and inferior extensor retinaculum

I: Proximal phalanx (great toe)

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8
Q

Origin and Insertion of Lumbricales

(insertion only)

A

I: Proximal phalanx - medial side and extensor digitorum longus tendon (dorsal expansion) 2nd-5th digits

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9
Q

Origin and Insertion of Plantar Interossei (III)

A

O: 3rd-5th metatarsal bones

I: Proximal phalanges - medial side (bases)

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10
Q

Origin and Insertion of Dorsal Interossei (IV)

A

O: Via two heads from the metatarsal bones

I: Proxmial phalanx and capsule of the metatarsophalangeal joint

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11
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Digitorium Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus (medial process), plantar aponeurosis, and adjacent intermuscular septa

I; Middle phalanx 2nd-5th digits

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12
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadratus Plantae (medial head)

A

O: Calcaneus - medial surface and long plantar ligament

I: Flexor digitorum longus tendon

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13
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadratus Plantae (lateral head)

A

O: Calcaneus - plantar surface and long plantar ligament

I: Flexor digitorum longus tendon

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14
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Tibia (middle three-fifths) and fascia covering the tib. posterior.

I: Distal phalanges 2nd-5th

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15
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Lateral condyle (tibia), fibula (proximal three-quarters), interosseous membrane, adjacent intermuscular septa, and deep fascia

I: Via four tendons 2nd-5th digits divides, intermediate and lateral slips, to the middle phalanx and distal phalanx respectively

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16
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus - superior/lateral surfaces, talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum (apex)

I: Via four tendons 1st-4th digits. The 1st is known as the extensor hallucis brevis, The 2nd-4th join the extensor digitorum longus

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17
Q

Origin and Insertion of Peroneus Tertius

A

O: Fibula (distal one-third), interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septum

I: 5th metatarsal (dorsal surface)

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18
Q

Origin and Insertion of Tibialis Anterior

A

O: Lateral condyle (tibia), interosseous membrane, intermuscular septum, and deep fascia

I: Medial cuneiform - medial/plantar surfaces and 1st metatarsal bone

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19
Q

Origin and Insertion of Tibialis Posterior

A

O: Tibia (posterior surface), fibula (proximal two-thirds), interosseous membrane, adjacent intermuscular septa, and deep fascia

I: Navicular bone (tuberosity), sustentaculum tali, three cuneiforms, cuboid, and 2nd-4th metatarsals

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20
Q

Origin and Insertion of Peroneus Longus

A

O: Lateral condyle (tibia), fibula (proximal two-thirds), intermuscular septa, and adjacent deep fascia

I: 1st metatarsal (lateral side) and medial cuneiform bone

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21
Q

Origin and Insertion of Peroneus Brevis

A

O: Fibula (distal two-thirds) and adjacent intermuscular septa

I: 5th metatarsal (lateral side)

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22
Q

Origin and Insertion of Soleus

A

O: Fibula (head and proximal one-third), Tibia (soleal line and middle one-third), and tendinous arch

I: Calcaneus (with the gastrocnemius)

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23
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gastrocnemius (medial head)

A

O: Medial condyle (femur) and knee joint capsule

I: Calcaneus (posterior surface)

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24
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gastrocnemius (latreal head)

A

O: Lateral condyle (femur) and knee joint capsule

I: Calcaneus (posterior surface)

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25
Origin and Insertion of Plantaris
O: Lateral supracondylar line (femur) and oblique popluteal ligament I: Calcaneus (posterior part)
26
Origin and Insertion of Popliteus
O: Lateral condyle (femur) and oblique popliteal ligament I: Tibia (proximal to soleal line)
27
Origin and Insertion of Semiteninosus
O: Ischial tuberosity I: Tibia (proximal part & medial surface) and deep fascia of the leg
28
Origin and Insertion of Semimembranosus
O: Ischial tuberosity (proximal and lateral to biceps femoris and semitendinosus) I: Medial condyle (tibia)
29
Origin and Insertion of Biceps Femoris (long head)
O: Ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberus ligament I: Fibular head, lateral condyle (tibia) and deep fascia
30
Origin and Insertion of Biceps Femoris (short head)
O: Linea aspera, supracondylar line, and lateral intermuscular septum I: Fibular head, lateral condyle (tibia), and deep fascia
31
Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (rectus femoris - straight head)
O: Iliac spine (anteroinferior) I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity
32
Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (rectus femoris - reflected head)
O: Just superior to the acetabulum (groove) I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity
33
Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (vastus lateralis)
O: Intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, and lateral intermuscular septum I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity
34
Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (vastus medialis)
O: Intertrochanteric line, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor longus and magnus tendons, and medial intermuscular septum I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity
35
Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (vastus intermedius)
O: Femur (proximal two-thirds), linea aspera, and lateral intermuscular septum I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity
36
Origin and Insertion of Psoas Major
O: L1-L5 (transverse processes), intervertebral discs, and membraneous arches I: Less trochanter (femur)
37
Origin and Insertion of Iliacus
O: Iliac fossa (superior two-thirds), iliac crest, sacroiliac ligaments (iliolumbar & ventral), and ala (sacrum) I: Psoas major tendon (lateral side)
38
Origin and Insertion of Psoas Minor
O: T12-L1 (bodies) and intervertebral disc I: Iliopectineal eminence, arcuate line (ilium), and iliac fascia
39
Origin and Insertion of Sartorius
O: Iliac spine (anterosuperior) and iliac notch I: Tibia (proximal/medial surface)
40
Origin and Insertion of Tensor Fasciae Latae
O: Iliac crest (external lip), iliac spine (anterosuperior), and fascia lata (deep surface) I: Iliotibial tract of the fascia lata
41
Origin and Insertion of Pectineus
O: Pubis (superior ramus) I: Pectineal line (femur)
42
Origin and Insertion of Adductor Magnus
O: Pubis ramus (inferior), ischial ramus, and ischial tuberosity I: Gluteal tuberosity (medial to,), medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle, and medial condyle (femur)
43
Origin and Insertion of Gracilis
O: Pubic symphysis (inferior) and inferior ramus (pubic bone) I: Tibia (medial surface) ... proximal to the insertion of the semitendinosus and lateral to the insertion of the sartorius
44
Origin and Insertion of Adductor Brevis
O: Inferior ramus (pubis) I: Pectineal line (distal two-thirds) and linea aspera (proximal half)
45
Origin and Insertion of Adductor Longus
O: Pubis (anterior surface) I: Linea aspera (middle one-third)
46
Origin and Insertion of Piriformis
O: Sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament (pelvic surface) and greater sciatic foramen (margin) I: Greater trochanter - superior border (femur)
47
Origin and Insertion of Quadratus Femoris
O: Ischial tuberosity (lateral border) I: Quadrate line (proximal) and the intertrochanteric crest
48
Origin and Insertion of Obturator Internus
O: Obturator membrane and ischium posterior (pelvic surface), and the obturator fascia I: Greater torchanter - medial surface (femur)
49
Origin and Insertion of Obturator Externus
O: Pubic and ischail rami, obturator membrane (external surface) I: Trochanteric fossa (femur)
50
Origin and Insertion of Gemellus Superior
O: Ischial spine (external surface) I: Greater trochanter - medial surface (femur) ...with obturator internus
51
Origin and Insertion of Gemellus Inferior
O: Ischial tuberosity (proximal part) I: Greater trochanter - medial surface (femur) ...with the obturator internus tendon
52
Origin and Insertion of Gluteus Minimus
O: Ilium (external surface), greater sciatic notch (margin) I: Greater trochanter - anterior border (femur) and hip joint capsule
53
Origin and Insertion of Gluteus Medius
O: Ilium (external surface) and gluteal aponeurosis I: Greater trochanter - oblique ridge & lateral surface (femur)
54
Origin and Insertion of Guteus Maximus
O: Ilium (posterior gluteal line), sacrum (posterior surface), coccyx (side), erector spinae aponeurosis, sacrotuberous ligament, and gluteal aponeurosis I: Iliotibial tract (fascia lata), gluteal tuberosity (femur)
55
Muscles Innervated by the Lumbar Plexus (3)
Quadratus Lumborum Psoas Major Psoas Minor
56
Muscles Innervated by the Femoral n. | (4)
Iliacus Pectineus Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris
57
Muscles Innervated by the Obturator n. (5)
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Gracilis Obturator Externus Adductor Magnus
58
Muscles Innervated by the Gluteal n. (4)
Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia Lata
59
Muscles Innervated by the Sacral Plexus (5)
Piriformis Gemellus Superior Gemellus Inferior Obturator Internus Quadratus Femoris
60
Muscles Innervated by the Sciatic n. (4)
Biceps Femoris Long Head Biceps Femoris Short Head Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
61
Muscles Innervated by the Common Peroneal n. (7)
Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Brevis Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis
62
Muscles Innervated by the Tibial n. | (6)
Plantaris Gastrocnemius Popliteus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus
63
Muscles Innervated by the Medial Plantar n. (4)
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Abductor Hallucis Flexor Hallucis Brevis Lumbricales I
64
Muscles Innervated by the Lateral Plantar n. (8)
Abductor Digiti Minimi Quadratus Plantae Flexor Digiti Minimi Oppons Digiti Minimi Adductor Hallucis Plantar Interossei Dorsal Interossei Lumbricales II, III, & IV

Anatomy THE Final (6 decks)

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