Lower Extremity

Question 1

LCL (fibular collateral ligament), MCL (tibial collateral ligament)

Answer 1

Question 2

muscles of the foot (1st layer - most superficial)

Answer 2

origen: calcaneous
- abductor hallucis, i: base of proximal phalanx of big toe, flexes/abducts big toe, braces medial longitudinal arch
- flexor digitorum brevis, i: tendons to 4 lateral toes (middle phalanx), flexes lateral 4 toes, braces medial and lateral longitudinal arch
- abductor digiti minimi, i: proximal phalanx of fifth toe, flexes and abducts fifth toe, braces lateral longitudinal arch

Question 3

ligament of head of the femur

Answer 3

aka ligamentum teres

Question 4

flexor digitorum (longus)

Answer 4

Question 5

common fibular nerve

Answer 5

aka peroneal nerve

Question 6

bones of the foot

Answer 6

Question 7

deltoid ligament at ankle

Answer 7

Question 8

tensor fascia lata

Answer 8

Question 9

tibial nerve - posterior

Answer 9

tibial nerve, vein, artery from lateral to medial

Question 10

lateral ligament at ankle

Answer 10

Question 11

femoral artery, popliteal artery, anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery

Answer 11

Question 12

plantar calcaneo-navicular ligament (spring)

Answer 12

• medial view

Question 13

pectineus

Answer 13

Question 14

gastrocnemius

Answer 14

Question 15

flexor hallucis longus

Answer 15

Question 16

fibular artery

Answer 16

Question 17

plantar fascia

Answer 17

Question 18

muscles of the foot (3rd layer - second deepest)

Answer 18

• flexor hallucis brevis, o: cuboid, lateral cuniform i: lateral and medial side of base of proximal pahalnx of big toe, a: flexes big toe, supports medial lognitudinal arch
• adductor hallucis, o: base of 2-4 metatarsals (oblique head), plantar ligaments (lateral head), i: lateral side of base of proximal phalynx of big toe, a: flexes bid toe and holds together metatarsals
• flexor digiti minimi brevis, o: base of 5th metatarsal, i: lateral side of base of proximal phalynx of little toe, a: flexes little toe

Question 19

tibia

Answer 19

Question 20

tibialis anterior

Answer 20

Question 21

dorsalis pedis artery

Answer 21

Question 22

muscles of the foot (2nd layer - 3rd deepest)

Answer 22

• 4 lumbricals, o: tendons of flexor digitorum longus, i: base of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes, extends toes

Question 23

soleus

Answer 23

• under gastrocnemius

Question 24

sciatic nerve

Answer 24

Question 25

gluteus medius

Answer 25

Question 26

quadriceps and attachments

Answer 26

Question 27

superior and inferior gluteal nerves

Answer 27

Question 28

superior and inferior gemelli

Answer 28

superior: origen = spine of ischium, insertion = greater trochanter of femur, action = lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint inferior: origen = ischial tuberosity, insertion = greater trochanter of femur, action = lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint

Question 29

piriformis

Answer 29

- posterior view

Question 30

femoral triangle

Answer 30

Question 31

gluteus minimus

Answer 31

Question 32

obturator externus

Answer 32

Question 33

adductor brevis

Answer 33

Question 34

ligaments of the knee

Answer 34

Question 35

sacroiliac joint

Answer 35

Question 36

medial and lateral plantar nerves

Answer 36

Question 37

pes anserine

Answer 37

sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus - goose foot - inserts onto anteromedial tibia

Question 38

obturator internus

Answer 38

posterior view

Question 39

meadial view of ankle

Answer 39

tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus

Question 40

popliteus muscle

Answer 40

Question 41

extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 41

- also note the extensor hallucis brevis

Question 42

patella

Answer 42

Question 43

femoral nerve

Answer 43

Question 44

fibularis longus

Answer 44

Question 45

tibialis posterior

Answer 45

Question 46

plantaris

Answer 46

Question 47

Superior and inferior pubic rami

Answer 47

Question 48

iliopsoas

Answer 48

origin for iliacus = iliac fossa

Question 49

extensor digitorum (longus)

Answer 49

Question 50

gluteus maximus

Answer 50

Question 51

extensor hallucis longus

Answer 51

Question 52

Ischial tuberosity

Answer 52

Question 53

sartorius

Answer 53

Question 54

tibial plateau (medial and lateral)

Answer 54

Question 55

fibularis tertius

Answer 55

Question 56

posterior leg muscles

Answer 56

Question 57

talus (head, body, neck)

Answer 57

Question 58

anterior leg muscles

Answer 58

Question 59

iliotibial band

Answer 59

Question 60

hamstrings and attachments

Answer 60

Question 61

adductor magnus

Answer 61

Question 62

gracilis

Answer 62

Question 63

adductor longus

Answer 63

Question 64

quadratus femoris

Answer 64

Question 65

fibularis brevis

Answer 65

Question 66

inferior tibiofibular joint and ligaments

Answer 66

Question 67

ilium, pubis, and ischium

Answer 67

Question 68

lateral ankle: fibularis longus and brevis

Answer 68

Question 69

superior tibiofibular joint and ligaments

Answer 69

Question 70

pelvis - body of ilium, iliac crest, Anterior Superior Iliac spine (ASIS), Anterior Inferior Iliac spine (AIIS), Posterior Superior Iliac spine (PSIS), pubic symphysis, obturator foramen, acetabulum

Answer 70

Question 71

3 Hip Ligaments

Answer 71

Question 72

fibula

Answer 72

Question 73

ACL, PCL, medial and lateral meniscus

Answer 73

Question 74

muscles of the foot (4th layer - deepest)

Answer 74

- 3 plantar interossei, o: inferior surface of 3-5 metatarsal, i: medial side of bases of proximal phalanges of lateral 3 toes, a: adduction of toes, flexes metatarsophalangeal joint, extends interphalangeal joints - 4 dorsal interossei, o:adjacent sides of metatarsal bones, i: base of proximal phalanges, a: abduction of toes, flexes metatarsophalangeal joint, extends interphalangeal joints

Question 75

Ischiopubic ramus

Answer 75

Question 76

femur

Answer 76