Lower Extremity Muscles Flashcards
(250 cards)
1
Q
Psoas Major (Origin)
A
Anterior surfaces and lower borders of TVP on vertebrae
2
Q
Psoas Major (Insertion)
A
Lesser trochanter of femur via iliopsoas tendon
3
Q
Psoas Major (Action)
A
Hip Flexion
Hip External Rotation
Spinal Lateral Flexion
Spinal Flexion
4
Q
Psoas Major (Innervation)
A
L1 - L5
5
Q
Psoas Major (Vascularisation)
A
Lumbar arteries
6
Q
Gluteus Maximus (Origin)
A
Posterior gluteal line,
outer ilium,
sacrum,
coccyx
7
Q
Gluteus Maximus (Insertion)
A
Gluteal Tuberosity,
IT Tract
8
Q
Gluteus Maximus (Action)
A
Hip External Rotation
Hip Extension
9
Q
Gluteus Maximus (Innervation)
A
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5 - S2)
10
Q
Gluteus Maximus (Vascularization)
A
Superior Gluteal Artery,
Inferior Gluteal Artery
11
Q
Gluteus Medius (Origin)
A
Between posterior and and anterior gluteal line
12
Q
Gluteus Medius (Insertion)
A
Superior-posterior and lateral greater trochanter
13
Q
Gluteus Medius (Action)
A
Hip abduction,
Flexion & Internal Rotation (anterior),
Extension & External Rotation (posterior)
14
Q
Gluteus Medius (Innervation)
A
Superior gluteal nerve (L4 - S2)
15
Q
Gluteus Medius (Vascularization)
A
Superior gluteal artery
16
Q
Gluteus Minimus (Origin)
A
Between anterior and inferior gluteal line
17
Q
Gluteus Minimus (Insertionn)
A
Anterior greater trochanter
18
Q
Gluteus Minimus (Action)
A
Hip abduction,
Flexion & Internal Rotation (anterior),
Extension & External Rotation (posterior)
19
Q
Gluteus Minimus (Innervation)
A
Superior gluteal nerve (L4 - S1)
20
Q
Gluteus Minimus (Vascularization)
A
Superior gluteal artery
21
Q
Piriformis (Origin)
A
Anterior sacrum
22
Q
Piriformis (Insertion)
A
Superior greater trochanter
23
Q
Piriformis (Action)
A
Hip external rotation,
hip abduction, hip extension
24
Q
Piriformis (Innervation)
A
Direct branches from sacral plexus (L5 - S1), ventral ramus (S1 - S2)
25
Piriformis (Vascularization)
Superior gluteal artery,
inferior gluteal artery,
internal pudendal artery
26
Tensor Fascia Lata (Origin)
Iliac crest just posterior to ASIS
27
Tensor Fascia Lata (Insertion)
Proximal 1/3 of ITB
28
Tensor Fascia Lata (Action)
Hip abduction,
hip flexion,
hip external rotation
29
Tensor Fascia Lata (Innervation)
Superior gluteal nerve (L4 - S1)
30
Tensor Fascia Lata (Vascularization)
Superior gluteal artery,
| inferior gluteal artery
31
Obturator Internus (Origin)
Obturator membrane (internal)
32
Obturator Internus (Insertion)
Medial greater trochanter
33
Obturator Internus (Action)
Hip external rotation,
hip abduction,
hip extension
34
Obturator Internus (Innervation)
Obturator internus
35
Obturator Internus (Vascularization)
Obturator artery
36
Obturator Externus (Origin)
Obturator membrane (external)
37
Obturator Externus (Insertion)
Medial greater trochanter
38
Obturator Externus (Action)
Hip adduction,
| hip external rotation
39
Obturator Externus (Innervation)
Obturator nerve (L3 - L4)
40
Obturator Externus (Vascularization)
Obturator artery
41
Quadratus Femoris (Origin)
Ischial tuberosity
42
Quadratus Femoris (Insertion)
Mid-intertrochanteric crest
43
Quadratus Femoris (Action)
Hip external rotation,
| hip adduction
44
Quadratus Femoris (Innervation)
Quadratus femoris nerve
45
Quadratus Femoris (Vascularization)
Inferior gluteal artery
46
Gemellus Superior (Origin)
Ischial spine
47
Gemellus Superior (Insertion)
Medial greater trochanter (blends with obturator internus tendon
48
Gemellus Superior (Action)
Hip external rotation,
hip abduction,
hipextension
49
Gemellus Superior (Innervation)
Obturator internus nerve
50
Gemellus Superior (Vascularization)
Inferior gluteal artery
51
Gemellus Inferior (Origin)
Ischial tuberosity
52
Gemellus Inferior (Insertion)
Medial greater trochanter (blends with obturator internus tendon)
53
Gemellus Inferior (Action)
Hip external rotation,
hip abduction,
hipextension
54
Gemellus Inferior (Innervation)
Quadratus femoris nerve
55
Gemellus Inferior (Vascularization)
Inferior gluteal artery
56
Semitendinosis (Origin)
Ischial tuberosity
57
Semitendinosis (Insertion)
Proximal medial tibia
58
Semitendinosis (Action)
Hip extension,
Knee flexion,
Knee internal rotation
59
Semitendinosis (Innervation)
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
60
Semitendinosis (Vascularization)
Deep femoral artery
61
Semimembranosus (Origin)
Ischial tuberosity
62
Semimembranosus (Insertion)
Posterior medial condyle of tibia
63
Semimembranosus (Action)
Hip extension,
Knee flexion,
Knee internal rotation
64
Semimembranosus (Innervation)
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
65
Semimembranosus (Vascularization)
Deep femoral artery
66
Biceps Femoris (Origin)
Ischial tuberosity & sacrotuberous ligament
67
Biceps Femoris (Insertion)
Head of fibula & lateral condyle of tibia
68
Biceps Femoris (Action)
LH: hip extension, knee flexion, knee internal rotation
SH: knee flexion, knee external rotation
69
Biceps Femoris (Innveration)
LH: tibial portion of sciatic nerve
SH: common fibular portion of sciatic nerve
70
Biceps Femoris (Vascularization)
Deep femoral artery
71
Iliacus (Origin)
Iliac fossa
72
Iliacus (Insertion)
Lesser trochanter
73
Iliacus (Action)
Hip flexion,
| hip external rotation
74
Iliacus (Innervation)
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)
75
Iliacus (Vascularization)
Branches of medial circumflex femoral artery
76
Rectus Femoris (Origin)
AIIS
77
Rectus Femoris (Insertion)
Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)
78
Rectus Femoris (Action)
Hip flexion,
| knee extension
79
Rectus Femoris (Innervation)
Femoral nerve
80
Rectus Femoris (Vascularization)
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
81
Sartorius (Origin)
ASIS
82
Sartorius (Insertion)
Medial proximal tibia
83
Sartorius (Action)
```
Hip flexion,
hip external rotation,
hip abduction,
knee flexion,
knee internal rotation
```
84
Sartorius (Innervation)
Femoral nerve
85
Sartorius (Vascularization)
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
86
Vastus Lateralis (Origin)
Lateral lip of linea aspra
87
Vastus Lateralis (Insertion)
Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
88
Vastus Lateralis (Action)
Knee extension
89
Vastus Lateralis (Innervation)
Femoral nerve
90
Vastus Lateralis (Vascularization)
Transverse circumflex artery,
lateral circumflex artery,
perforating arteries of deep femoral arteries
91
Vastus Medialis (Origin)
Medial lip of linea aspra and supracondylar line
92
Vastus Medialis (Insertion)
Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
93
Vastus Medialis (Action)
Knee extension
94
Vastus Medialis (Innervation)
Femoral nerve
95
Vastus Medialis (Vascularization)
Lateral circumflex femoral artery,
| perforating arteries of deep femoral arteries
96
Vastus Intermedius (Origin)
Upper 2/3 anterior/lateral femur
97
Vastus Intermedius (Insertion)
Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
98
Vastus Intermedius (Action)
Knee extension
99
Vastus Intermedius (Innervation)
Femoral nerve
100
Vastus Intermedius (Vascularization)
Lateral circumflex femoral artery and descending branch
101
Pectineus (Origin)
Superior pubic ramus of pubis
102
Pectineus (Insertion)
Posterior femoral shaft
103
Pectineus (Action)
Hip adduction,
| hip internal rotation
104
Pectineus (Innervation)
```
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4),
obturator nerve (L2 - L3)
```
105
Pectineus (Vascularization)
Medial circumflex femoral artery
106
Adductor Brevis (Origin)
Anterior-inferior ramus of pubis
107
Adductor Brevis (Insertion)
Proximal 1/3 of linea aspra
108
Adductor Brevis (Action)
Hip adduction,
hip flexion,
hip extension,
hip internal rotation
109
Adductor Brevis (Innervation)
Obturator nerve (L2 - L3)
110
Adductor Brevis (Vascularization)
Obturator artery,
| deep femoral artery
111
Adductor Longus (Origin)
Anterior pubis
112
Adductor Longus (Insertion)
Middle 1/3 of linea aspra
113
Adductor Longus (Action)
Hip adduction,
hip flexion,
hip extension,
hip internal rotation
114
Adductor Longus (Innervation)
Obturator nerve
115
Adductor Longus (Vascularization)
Obturator artery
| deep femoral artery
116
Adductor Magnus (Adductor and Hamstring Portions) (Origin)
Ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity
117
Adductor Magnus (Adductor and Hamstring Portions) (Insertion)
Distal linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
118
Adductor Magnus (Adductor and Hamstring Portions) (Action)
```
Hip adduction (adductor portion),
Hip extension (hamstring portion)
```
119
Adductor Magnus (Adductor and Hamstring Portions) (Innervation)
Obturator nerve,
| tibial portion of sciatic nerve
120
Adductor Magnus (Adductor and Hamstring Portions) (Vascularization)
Obturator artery,
deep femoral artery,
medial circumflex artery
121
Gracilis (Origin)
Anterior-inferior ramus of pubis
122
Gracilis (Insertion)
Proximal medial tibia
123
Gracilis (Action)
Hip adduction,
hip flexion,
knee flexion,
knee internal rotation
124
Gracilis (Innervation)
Obturator nerve
125
Gracilis (Vascularization
Obturator artery
126
Gastrocnemius (Lateral & Medial) (Origin)
Medial and lateral femoral condyles, posteriorly
127
Gastrocnemius (Lateral & Medial) (Insertion)
Calcaneal tendon
128
Gastrocnemius (Lateral & Medial) (Action)
Talocrural plantarflexion,
| knee flexion
129
Gastrocnemius (Lateral & Medial) (Innervation)
Tibial nerve
130
Gastrocnemius (Lateral & Medial) (Vascularization)
Sural artery,
| posterior tibial artery
131
Soleus (Origin)
Posterior tibia & head and fibula
132
Soleus (Insertion)
Calcaneal tendon
133
Soleus (Action)
Talocrural plantarflexion,
| foot plantarflexion
134
Soleus (Innervation)
Tibial nerve
135
Soleus (Vascularization)
Posterior tibial artery
136
Plantaris (Origin)
Lateral femoral condyle
137
Plantaris (Insertion)
Calcaneal tendon
138
Plantaris (Action)
Foot plantarflexion,
| knee flexion
139
Plantaris (Innervation)
Tibial nerve
140
Plantaris (Vascularization)
Popliteal artery
141
Tibialis Posterior (Origin)
Proximal posterior 2/3 tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
142
Tibialis Posterior (Insertion)
Base of 2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsals, and tarsal bones (except talus)
143
Tibialis Posterior (Action)
Dorsalflexion of talocrural joint and inversion of subtalar joint
144
Tibialis Posterior (Innervation)
Tibial nerve
145
Tibialis Posterior (Vascularization)
Fibular artery; posterior tibial artery
146
Flexor Hallucis Longus (Origin)
Posterior, distal 2/3 of fibula
147
Flexor Hallucis Longus (Insertion)
Distal phalanx of 1st toe
148
Flexor Hallucis Longus (Action)
Plantarflexion of talocrural joint,
Inversion of subtalar joint,
Plantarflexion of MTP and IP joint
149
Flexor Hallucis Longus (Innervation)
Tibial nerve
150
Flexor Hallucis Longus (Vascularization)
Fibular artery,
| posterior tibial artery
151
Popliteus (Origin)
Lateral femoral condyle, posteriorly
152
Popliteus (Insertion)
Posterior proximal tibia
153
Popliteus (Action)
Knee flexion,
| knee internal rotation (screw-home mechanism)
154
Popliteus (Innervation)
Tibial nerve
155
Popliteus (Vascularization)
Popliteal artery
156
Flexor Digitorum Longus (Origin)
Posterior middle 1/3 tibia
157
Flexor Digitorum Longus (Insertion)
Distal phalanges of toes 2-5
158
Flexor Digitorum Longus (Action)
Plantarflexion of talocrural joint,
inversion of subtalar joint,
plantarflexion of MTP and IP joints of digits 2-5
159
Flexor Digitorum Longus (Innervation)
Tibial nerve
160
Flexor Digitorum Longus (Vascularization)
Posterior tibial artery
161
Tibialis Anterior (Origin)
Lateral tibial condyle, proximal 1/3 of tibia, and interosseous membrane
162
Tibialis Anterior (Insertion)
Base of 1st metatarsal and cuneiform
163
Tibialis Anterior (Action)
Dorsalflexion of talocrural joint,
| inversion of subtalar joint
164
Tibialis Anterior (Innervation)
Deep branch of fibular nerve
165
Tibialis Anterior (Vascularization)
Anterior tibial artery
166
Extensor Hallucis Longus (Origin)
Anterior fibula and interosseous membrane (middle aspect)
167
Extensor Hallucis Longus (Insertion)
Base distal phalanx of 1st toe dorsally
168
Extensor Hallucis Longus (Action)
Dorsalflexion of talocrural joint,
supination and pronation support of subtalar joint,
extension of MTP and IP joints of 1st digit
169
Extensor Hallucis Longus (Innervation)
Deep branch of fibular nerve
170
Extensor Hallucis Longus (Vascularization)
Anterior tibial artery
171
Extensor Digitorum Longus (Origin)
Lateral tibial condyle,
proximal 2/3 medial fibula,
interosseous membrane
172
Extensor Digitorum Longus (Insertion)
Middle and distal phalanges 2-5 via dorsal expansion
173
Extensor Digitorum Longus (Action)
Dorsalflexion of talocrural joint,
eversion of subtalar joint,
extension of MTP and IP joints of digits 2 - 5
174
Extensor Digitorum Longus (Innervation)
Deep branch of fibular nerve
175
Extensor Digitorum Longus (Vascularization)
Anterior tibial artery
176
Fibularis Longus (Origin)
Proximal lateral 2/3 fibula,
| lateral tibial condyle
177
Fibularis Longus (Insertion)
Medial cuneiform,
| lateral base of 1st metatarsal
178
Fibularis Longus (Action)
Plantarflexion of talocrural joint,
| eversion of subtalar joint
179
Fibularis Longus (Innervation)
Superficial branch of fibular nerve
180
Fibularis Longus (Vascularization)
Fibular artery
181
Fibularis Brevis (Origin)
Distal 2/3 lateral fibula
182
Fibularis Brevis (Insertion)
Base of 5th metatarsal
183
Fibularis Brevis (Action)
Plantarflexion of talocrural joint,
| eversion of subtalar joint
184
Fibularis Brevis (Innervation)
Superficial branch of fibular nerve
185
Fibularis Brevis (Vascularization)
Fibular artery
186
Fibularis Tertius (Origin)
Distal 1/3 medial fibula,
| interosseous membrane
187
Fibularis Tertius (Insertion)
Base of 5th metatarsal
188
Fibularis Tertius (Action)
Dorsalflexion of talocrural joint,
| eversion of subtalar
189
Fibularis Tertius (Innervation)
Deep branch of fibular nerve
190
Fibularis Tertius (Vascularization)
Anterior tibial artery
191
Extensor Hallucis Brevis (Origin)
Calcaneus
192
Extensor Hallucis Brevis (Insertion)
Proximal phalanx of 1st toe
193
Extensor Hallucis Brevis (Action)
-
194
Extensor Hallucis Brevis (Innvervation)
-
195
Extensor Hallucis Brevis (Vascularization)
-
196
Extensor Digitorum Brevis (Origin)
Calcaneus
197
Extensor Digitorum Brevis (Insertion)
Middle phalanges of toes 2 - 5
198
Extensor Digitorum Brevis (Action)
Extension of MTP and IP joints of related digits
199
Extensor Digitorum Brevis (Innervation)
Deep branch of fibular nerve
200
Extensor Digitorum Brevis (Vascularization)
Dorsalis pedis artery
201
Abductor Hallucis (Origin)
Medial calcaneus,
| plantar aponeurosis
202
Abductor Hallucis (Insertion)
Base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe medially
203
Abductor Hallucis (Action)
Flexion and abduction of hallux,
| support longitudinal arch
204
Abductor Hallucis (Innervation)
Medial plantar arch
205
Abductor Hallucis (Vascularization)
Medial plantar artery
206
Abductor Digiti Minimi (Origin)
Lateral calcaneus,
| plantar aponeurosis
207
Abductor Digiti Minimi (Insertion)
Base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe laterally
208
Abductor Digiti Minimi (Action)
Abduction of 5th digit,
| flexion of MTP joint
209
Abductor Digiti Minimi (Innervation)
Lateral plantar nerve
210
Abductor Digiti Minimi (Vascularization)
Lateral plantar artery
211
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (Origin)
Medial and calcaneal tuberosity,
| plantar aponeurosis
212
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (Insertion)
Both sides of base of middle phalanx of toes 2 - 5
213
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (Action)
Flexion of the MTP and OP joints of the 2nd to 5th digits
214
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (Innervation)
Medial plantar nerve
215
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (Vascularization)
Deep branch of medial plantar artery,
| lateral plantar artery
216
Quadratus Plantae (Origin)
Medial and lateral plantar surface of calcaneus (2 tendons)
217
Quadratus Plantae (Insertion)
Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
218
Quadratus Plantae (Action)
Flexion of the MTP and IP joints of the 2nd to 5th digits
219
Quadratus Plantae (Innervation)
Medial plantar nerve
220
Quadratus Plantae (Vascularization)
Deep branch of medial plantar artery,
| lateral plantar artery
221
Dorsal Interossei
1st: adjacent sides of first and second metatarsals
2nd: adjacent sides of second and third metatarsals
3rd: adjacent sides of third and fifth metatarsals
4th: adjacent sides of fourth and fifth metatarsals
222
Dorsal Interossei
1st: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of second toe
2nd: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of second toe
3rd: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of third toe
4th: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of fourth toe
223
Lumbricals (Action)
Flexion of MTP joint,
| extension of proximal and distal joints
224
Lumbricals (Innervation)
2nd toe: medial plantar
| 3rd, 4th, & 5th toe: lateral plantar
225
Lumbricals (Vascularization)
Plantar metatarsal arteries
226
Lumbricals (Origin)
Tendons of FDL
227
Lumbricals (Insertion)
Tendons of EDL, on proximal phalanges of toes 2 - 5
228
Adductor Hallucis (Origin)
Oblique: base of metatarsals 2 - 4 and fibularis longus tendon
Transverse: 3 - 5 metatarsals head
229
Adductor Hallucis (Insertion)
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
230
Adductor Hallucis (Action)
Flexion of MTP joint,
adduction of the hallux,
supports longitudinal and transverse arches of foot
231
Adductor Hallucis (Innervation)
Lateral plantar nerve
232
Adductor Hallucis (Vascularization)
Deep plantar arch
233
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (Origin)
Cuboid and 3rd cuneiform
234
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (Insertion)
Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
235
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (Action)
Flexion of MTP joint of 1st digit
236
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (Innervation)
Medial plantar nerve
237
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (Vascularization)
Deep branch of medial plantar artery
238
Flexor Digiti Minimi (Origin)
5th metatarsal base
239
Flexor Digiti Minimi (Insertion)
Base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe
240
Flexor Digiti Minimi (Action)
Flexion of 5th toe,
| adduction of 5th toe
241
Flexor Digiti Minimi (Innervation)
Lateral plantar nerve
242
Flexor Digiti Minimi (Vascularization)
-
243
Dorsal Interossei (Action)
Flexion at MPT joint,
extension of IP joint,
abduction of named digit
244
Dorsal Interossei (Innervation)
Lateral plantar nerve
245
Dorsal Interossei (Vascularization)
Dorsal metatarsal arteries
246
Plantar Interossei (Origin)
Metatarsals 3 - 5 medially
247
Plantar Interossei (Insertion)
Medial proximal phalanges 3 - 5
248
Plantar Interossei (Action)
Flexion of MTP joint,
extension of IP joint,
adduction towards lateral digit
249
Plantar Interossei (Innervation)
Lateral plantar nerve
250
Plantar Interossei (Vascularization)
Plantar metatarsal arteries
