lower leg and ankle OIAs

Question 1

anterior tibialis

Answer 1

O: lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseus membrane
I: middle cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
A: invert foot, dorsiflex ankle

Question 2

extensor hallucis longus

Answer 2

O: middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseus membrane
I: distal phalanx of first toe
A: extend first toe, aid dorsiflex ankle invert foot

Question 3

extensor digitorum longus

Answer 3

O: lateral condyle of tibia. proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseus membrane
I: middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes
A: extend second through fifth toes, dorsiflex ankle and evert foot

Question 4

peroneus tertius

Answer 4

O:distal, anterior surface of fibula and interosseus membrane
I: tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
A: evert foot, weak dorsiflexion

Question 5

extensor retinaculum

Answer 5

superior crosses ankle just proximal to malleoli, inferior is y-shaped and begins distal to lateral malleolus on calcaneus. Serves to secure the distal tendons of the miscles of the anterior compartment as they cross the talocrural jt, preventing a bowstring effect during dorsiflexion and toe extension

Question 6

peroneus longus

Answer 6

O: head of fibula and proximal 2/3rds of lateral fibula
I: base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
A: evert foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle

Question 7

peroneus brevis

Answer 7

O: distal 2/3rds of lateral fibula
I: Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
A: evert foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle

Question 8

Superficial peroneal nerve

Answer 8

lateral compartment, innervates peroneus longus/brevis/tertius

Question 9

peroneal artery

Answer 9

runs lateral to the interosseuous membrane, supplying blood to the lateral compartment and lateral ankle

Question 10

deep peroneal nerve

Answer 10

runs from the upper portion of the fibula along the interosseus membrane behind the tibialis anterior. this nerve and branches innervate most of the muscles located within the anterior compartment and on dorsum of foot

Question 11

anterior tibial artery

Answer 11

Supplies the anterior compartment with blood. Passes through the superior portion of interosseus membrane to follow the path taken by the deep peroneal nerve

Question 12

tibialis posterior

Answer 12

O: proximal, posterior shafts of tibial and fibula; and interosseus membrane
I: all five tarsal bones and bases of second through fourth metatarsals
A: invert the foot, plantar flex the ankle

Question 13

flexor digitorum longus

Answer 13

O: middle, posterior surface of tibial
I: distal phalanges of second through fifth toes
A: flex the 2nd through 5th , weak plantar flexion of ankle, invert the foot

Question 14

flexor hallicus longus

Answer 14

O: middle half of posterior fibula
I: distal phalanx of first toe
A: flex the first toe, weak plantar flexion of ankle, invert the foot

Question 15

gastrocnemius

Answer 15

O: condyles of femur, posterior surfaces
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A: flex the knee, plantarflex the ankle (particularly when knee is extended)

Question 16

soleus

Answer 16

O: soleal lines; proximal, posterior surface of tibial and posterior aspect of head of fibula
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A: plantar flex the ankle, (particularly when knee is flexed)

Question 17

plantaris

Answer 17

O: lateral supracondyar line of femur
I: calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
A: weak plantar flexion of the ankle, weak flexion of the knee

Question 18

tibial nerve

Answer 18

Longest branch of sciatic nerve, supplies the innervation for all of the muscles in the superficial and deep posterior compartment.

Question 19

posterior tibial artery

Answer 19

follows the same course as the tibial nerve