Lower leg, ankle and foot Flashcards
(25 cards)
function of the foot
adapt to surfaces, shock absorber, base of support, propel us
what does producing force lead to
acceleration
what does absorbing force lead to
deceleration
what is the medial arch of the foot
inside the foot, highest arch extremely flexible, made of calcaneus talus navicular medial cuneiform and metatarsal i
what is the lateral arch of the foot
outside the foot, flatter then medial arch, made of calcaneus cuboid metatarsal V
what is the anterior transverse arch
across the foot, relatively flat, formed by heads of the 5 metatarsals
what is the plantar vault
the area supported by the 3 arches, contact ground at 3 points headmetatarsal i headmetatarsal V calcanea tuberosity
what stabalizes an arch
shape of building stones and strength of support
what is the heel strike phase
weight is through calcaneus, arches are raised
what is the stance phase
vault is flattened, muscle contract to stop further flattening
what is the heel off phase
plantar tightens contract further, foot is now a rigid lever
what is the toe off phase
plantar fascia tightens reinforcing medial arch
what is inversion
sole of foot face inwards, triplanar movement
what is eversion
sole of foot face outwards, triplanar movement
what is dorsiflexion
foot points up in eversion
what is plantarflexion
foot point down in eversion
what is adduction
invesrion, foot points towards midline
what is abduction
eversion, foot point away from midline
what is supination
rolling foot outwards
what is pronation
rolling foot inwards
what is the subtalar joint
joint between talus and calcaneus, where movements of the hindfoot happen
what is the midtarsal joint
2 joints in 1, between talus and navicular and calcaneus and cuboid, where movement of forefoot happens
what is the talocrural joint
synovial hinge joint, mainly dorsiflexion and plantarflexion,
what are the four compartments of the lower leg
anterior, lateral, deep posterior, superficial posterior
