Lower Leg Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior/Lateral Group (8)

A

Tibialis Anterior

Fibularis Tertius
Fibularis Brevis
Fibularis Longus

Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Extensor Hallicus Brevis

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2
Q

Tibialis Anterior
133

A

Origin:
Lateral condyle and upper two-thirds of the tibia, interosseous membrane.

Insertion:
Inferomedial surface of the medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.

Function:
Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot.

Nerve Supply:
Deep fibular nerve (L4-L5).
Blood Supply: Anterior tibial artery.

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3
Q

Fibularis Tertius
135

A

Origin:
Distal third of the anterior surface of the fibula.

Insertion:
Dorsal surface of the base of the fifth metatarsal.

Function:
Weak dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot.

Nerve Supply: Deep peroneal nerve (L5-S1).
Blood Supply: Anterior tibial artery.

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4
Q

Fibularis Brevis
138

A

Origin:
Distal two-thirds of lateral surface of fibula.

Insertion:
Tuberosity of the base of the fifth metatarsal.

Function:
Eversion and plantarflexion of the foot.

Nerve Supply:
Superficial Fibular nerve (L5-S1).

Blood Supply: Fibular artery.

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5
Q

Fibularis Longus
137

A

Origin:
Head and upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula.

Insertion:
The plantar surface of the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal.

Function:
Eversion and plantarflexion of the foot; supports the arches.

Nerve Supply:
Superficial peroneal nerve (L5-S1).

Blood Supply: Fibular artery

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6
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus
136

A

Origin:
Middle part of the anterior surface of the fibula and the interosseous membrane.

Insertion:
Dorsal surface of the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe.

Function:
Extends the great toe; dorsiflexion of foot.

Nerve Supply: Deep peroneal nerve (L5-S2).
Blood Supply: Anterior tibial artery.

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7
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus
134

A

Origin:
Lateral condyle of the tibia and upper three-quarters of the fibula.

Insertion:
Middle and distal phalanges of the lateral four toes.

Function:
Extends the lateral four toes; dorsiflexion of the foot.

Nerve Supply: Deep peroneal nerve (L5-S1).
Blood Supply: Anterior tibial artery.

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8
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis
dorsal intrinsic
146

A

Origin:
Superior and lateral surfaces of calcaneus.

Insertion:
Middle and distal phalanges of the lateral four toes.

Function:
Extends the lateral four toes.

Nerve Supply: Deep peroneal nerve (L5-S1).
Blood Supply: Dorsalis pedis artery

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9
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis:
dorsal intrinsic
145

A

Origin:
Anterior part of the inferior surface of the calcaneus.

Insertion:
Proximal phalanx of the great toe.

Function:
Extends the great toe.

Nerve Supply: Deep peroneal nerve (L5-S1).
Blood Supply: Dorsalis pedis artery.

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10
Q

Posterior group (8)

A

Medial Gastrocnemius
Lateral Gastrocnemius

Popliteus
Soleus

Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus

Plantaris
Tibialis Posterior

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11
Q

Medial Gastrocnemius (S)
139 A

A

Origin:
Medial head: Medial femoral condyle.
Lateral head: Lateral femoral condyle.

Insertion: Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon.

Function:
Plantarflexion of the foot; assists in knee flexion.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (S1-S2).
Blood Supply: Sural arteries

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12
Q

Lateral Gastrocnemius (S)
139 B

A

Origin:
Lateral head: Lateral femoral condyle.

Insertion:
The posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon.

Function:
Plantarflexion of the foot; assists in knee flexion.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (S1-S2).
Blood Supply: Sural arteries.

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13
Q

Popliteus (D)
141

A

Origin:
Lateral condyle of the femur.

Insertion:
Posterior proximal tibia.

Function:
Unlocks the knee joint (initiates knee flexion); medially & laterally rotates the tibia on the femur.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (L4-S2).
Blood Supply: Popliteal artery

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14
Q

Soleus (S)
slow twitch for standing, contracts to help send blood up through veins

A

Origin:
Soleal Line, medial border of tibia, head of fibula

Insertion:
Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon.

Function:
Plantarflexion of the foot.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (S1-S2).
Blood Supply: Posterior tibial artery

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15
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus (D)

A

Origin:
Lower 2/3 of Posterior fibula and INTNS membrane
Insertion:
The distal phalanx of the great toe.

Function:
Flexes the great toe; plantarflexion of the foot; supports the longitudinal arch.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (S2-S3).
Blood Supply: Posterior tibial artery.

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16
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus (D)

A

Origin:
Middle third of Posterior tibia.

Insertion:
Distal phalanges of the lateral four toes.

Function:
Flexes the lateral four toes; plantarflexion of the foot; supports the longitudinal arch.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (S2-S3).
Blood Supply: Posterior tibial artery.

17
Q

Plantaris (S)

A

Origin:
Lateral supracondylar ridge of the femur.

Insertion:
Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon.

Function:
Weakly assists in knee flexion; may assist in plantarflexion.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (L5-S2).
Blood Supply: Sural arteries.

18
Q

Tibialis Posterior (D)
142

A

Origin:
Posterior tibia and fibula, interseseous membrane

Insertion:
Tuberosity of the navicular, cuneiforms, and bases of the metatarsals.

Function:
Inversion and plantarflexion of the foot; supports the medial longitudinal arch.

Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve (L4-L5).
Blood Supply: Posterior tibial artery