Lower limb 1

Question 1

Muscles of Anterior thigh

Answer 1

iliopsoas
sarorius

quadriceps femoris

tensor fascia latae

Question 2

iliopsoas

Answer 2

Psoas from transverse processes
Iliacus from illiac fossa
I: Lessor Trochanter
A: Flexion of hip
I: Femoral nerve

Question 3

Satorius

Answer 3

O: ASIS
I: Medial tibia
A: Flexion, Abduction, Lateral rotation at thigh, Flexion at knee
I: Femoral Nerve

Question 4

Rectus Femoris

Answer 4

O: AIIS
I: Patella + tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
A: Flexion at hip and Extension at knee
I: Femoral nerve

Question 5

Vastus Medialis Vastus Lateralis

Answer 5

O: Linea aspera
I: Patellar ligament
A: Flexion of thigh
I: Femoral

Question 6

Vastus Intermedialis

Answer 6

O: Anterior surface of femur
I: Patellar ligament
A: Flexion of thigh
I: Femoral

Question 7

Gluteus Muscles

Answer 7

Gluteus Maximus (superficial)
Gluteus Medius (deep)
Gluteus Minimus (deepest)

Question 8

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 8

O: dorsal ilium, Sacrum, Coccyx
I: Gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: Extension Abduction Lateral Rotation of hip
I: Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 9

Gluteus Medius & Gluteus Minimus

Answer 9

O: Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abduction and Medial Rotation of hip
I: Superior gluteal nerve

Question 10

Muscles of Medial Thigh

Answer 10

Superficial - 3

Pectineus
Gracilis
Adductor Longus

Deep - 2

Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus

Question 11

Muscles of MEdial Thigh in General

Answer 11

O: Pubis bone
I: Linea aspera
A: Adduction & Flexion of hip
I: Obturator nerve

Question 12

Adductor Magnus (Hamstring part)

Answer 12

O: Ishium
I: Adductor tubercle of femur
A: Extension of Hip
I: Sciatic Nerve

Question 13

Muscles of Posterior Thigh (Hamstrings)

Answer 13

Superficial

Semitendinosus
Bicep Femoris

Deep

Semimembranosus

Question 14

Hamstring in general

Answer 14

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Tibia/Fibula
A: Extension of hip, Flexion and rotation of knee
I: Sciatic Nerve

Question 15

Semitendinosus

Answer 15

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Medial Proximal Tibia
A: Extension of hip, Flexsion and medial rotation of knee
I: Sciatic nerve

Question 16

Biceps Femoris Long head

Answer 16

O: Ischial Tuberosity + linea aspera
I: Head of fibula condyle of tibia
A: Extension of hip, Flexion and lateral rotation of knee
I: Sciatic Nerve

Question 17

Biceps Femoris Short head

Answer 17

Doesn’t cross hip
O: Distal femur
I: Head of fibula lateral condyle of tibia
a: Flexion and lateral rotation of knee

Question 18

Semimembranosus

Answer 18

O: ischial tuberosity
I: Medial aspect of proximal tibia
A: Extension of hip, Flexion and medial rotation of knee
I: Sciatic nerve

Question 19

Lumbar Plexus

Answer 19

From lumbar spinal nerves L1-L4
Located within psoas major muscle
Divide to Femoral and Obturator

Question 20

Femoral Nerve

Answer 20

Underneath Inguinal Ligament
Anterior compartment of thigh
Cutaneous sensation to leg

Question 21

Obturator Nerve

Answer 21

Medial aspect of thigh muscles

Question 22

Sacral Plexus

Answer 22

L1-L4 Directly behind Lumbar Plexus

Forms Sciatic Nerve - which divides to tibial and fibular nerves

Question 23

Innervation of Anterior Compartment of thigh

Answer 23

Femoral Nerve

Question 24

Innervation of Posterior Compartment of thigh

Answer 24

Sciatic Nerve

Question 25

Innervation of Medial Compartment of thigh

Answer 25

Obturator Nerve

Question 26

Sciatica

Answer 26

Irritation fo nerve roots leading to sciatic nerve | Common cause - herniated disk, narrowing of spinal canal

Question 27

Posterior Leg Muscles Superficial

Answer 27

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 28

Posterior Leg Muscles Deep

Answer 28

Popliteus FDL FHL Tibialis Posterior

Question 29

Gastroctemius

Answer 29

Origin: Lateral and Medial condyles of femur I: Posterior Calcaneus bone by Achilles tendon A: Plantarflex + Flexion of knee I: Tibial Nerve

Question 30

Soleus

Answer 30

O: Superior tibia + fibula I: Posterior Calcaneus bone by Chilles tendon A: Plantar Flexion I: Tibial Nerve

Question 31

Plantaris

Answer 31

May or May not be absent (like palmaris longus) O: Posterior Femur above lateral condyle I: Long thin tendon to calcaneus bone A: assits in knee flexion and plantar flexion I: Tibial Nerve

Question 32

Flexor digitorum Longus

Answer 32

O: Extensive posterior tibia I: behind medial malleolus to distal phalanges a: plantar flexion, inversion, flex the toes I: Tibial Nerve

Question 33

Flexor Hallicis Longus

Answer 33

O: Middle shaft of fibula I: Tendon runs under foot to distal phalanx of big toe A: Plantar flexion, inversion, I: Tibial Nerve

Question 34

Popliteus

Answer 34

O: Lateral condyle of femur I: proximal tibia A: Flexesa and rotates leg medially to unlock knee I: Tibial Nerve

Question 35

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 35

O: Suberior Tibia and fibula I: Behind Medial Malleolus into several tarsals and metatarsals A: Prime mover for foot inversion, Plantar flex I: tibial nerve

Question 36

3 muscles that cross ankle joint

Answer 36

Tibialis Posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor Hallicis longus

Question 37

Lateral Muscles of the leg

Answer 37

Peroneus Longus | Peroneus Brevis

Question 38

Peroneus Longus & Brevis

Answer 38

O: Fibula I: Run down later malleolus to metatarsal A: Eversion & plantar flexion I: Superficial fibular nerve

Question 39

Muscles of Anterior compartment of leg

Answer 39

Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallicus longus

Question 40

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 40

Superficial O: Lateral condyle I: tendon into cuneiform and first metatarsal A: Prime mover for Dorsiflexion, invert foot I: Fibular nerve

Question 41

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Answer 41

``` Deep O: Tibia + fibula I: middle and distal phalanges A: Prime mover for extension, and dorsiflexion I: fibular nerve ```

Question 42

Extensor Hallicus Longus

Answer 42

O: shaft of fibula I: distal phalanx of big toe A: extend big toe, dorsiflex foot I: Deep fibular nerve