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Forensic Osteology > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

where is the fibula located?

A

between the femur and the foot
lateral to the tibia

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2
Q

what is the most flexible bone in the body?

A

the fibula

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3
Q

what is the role of the fibula?

A

plays only and indirect role at knee joint, serving to anchor ligament
plays a key role in forming the lateral border of the ankle joint

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4
Q

what are the non-metric traits of the fibula?

A

cross-sectional shape highly variable

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5
Q

where does the fibula articulate?

A

tibia - facet of the head, facet of the lateral malleolus
talus - talar facet

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6
Q

what is the role of the tibia?

A

carries all the weight

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7
Q

where does the tibia articulate?

A

femur - condyles
talus - posterior surface
fibula - facet for fibula (proximal lateral) and fibula notch

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8
Q

where does biceps femoris attach to the tibia?

A

lateral condyle
from femur - linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge
from ishium - tuberosity
also to lateral head of fibula

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9
Q

what attaches to the lateral condyle of the tibia?

A

biceps femoris

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10
Q

what is the function of biceps femoris?

A

knee flexion/rotation and hip extension

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11
Q

where does semimembranosus attach to the tibia?

A

medial condyle - posterior
from ishium - tuberosity

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12
Q

what attaches to the posterior medial condyle of the tibia?

A

semimembranosus

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13
Q

what is the function of semimembranosus?

A

knee flexion/rotation and hip extension

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14
Q

what attaches to the medial diaphysis of the tibia?

A

semitendinosus

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15
Q

where does semitendinosus attach to the tibia?

A

medial diaphysis
from ishium - tuberosity

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16
Q

what is the function of semitendinosus?

A

knee flexion/rotation and hip extension

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17
Q

what attaches to the tibial tuberosity of the tibia?

A

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medalis

the quads

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18
Q

where does rectus femoris attach to the tibia?

A

tibial tuberosity - via patellar ligament

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19
Q

where does vastus lateralis attach to the tibia?

A

tibial tuberosity - via patellar ligament

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20
Q

where does vastus intermedius attach to the tibia?

A

tibial tuberosity - via patellar ligament

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21
Q

where does vastus medalis attach to the tibia?

A

tibial tuberosity - via patellar ligament

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22
Q

what attaches to the soleal/popliteal line of the tibia

A

soleus
popliteus

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23
Q

where does soleus attach to the tibia?

A

soleal/popliteal line
to posterior calcaneus - achilles

also from upper posterior fibula

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24
Q

what is the function of soleus?

A

plantar flexion of the foot

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25
where does popliteus attach to the tibia?
soleal/popliteal line from femur - lateral surface of lateral condyle
26
what is the function of popliteus?
medial rotation and flexion of the leg
27
what attaches to the upper medial shaft of the tibia?
sartorius
28
where does sartorius attach to the tibia?
upper medial shaft from ilium - anterior superior iliac spine
29
what is the function of sartorius?
flexion, abduction, rotation of hip
30
what attaches to the lateral condyle and upper half of lateral shaft of the tibia?
tibialis anterior
31
where does tibialis anterior attach to the tibia?
lateral condyle and upper half of lateral shaft to cuneiform and first metatarsal
32
what is the function of tibialis anterior?
foot dorsiflexion and supination/inversion
33
what are the non-metric traits of the tibia?
tibial squatting facet platycnemia - flattening of the tibia mediolaterally tibial bowing
34
how to side the patella?
point the apex away form you, place anterior side up, it falls to the side its from
35
where does the femur articulate?
head - pelvis condyles - tibia patella surface - patella
36
how to side the femur?
trochanters are posterior patella surface is anterior if anterior surface is facing you, the head points in the direction it comes from if you only have the distal half of the bone, then the angle of the shaft will go in the opposite direction
37
what attaches to the fovea capitis of the femur?
ligamentum teres
38
where does ligamentum teres attach to the femur?
fovea capitis from pelvis - acetabulum
39
what attaches to the greater trochanter of the femur?
gluteus medius gluteus minimus
40
where does gluteus medius attach to the femur?
greater trochanter - lateral surface from ilium - and anterior gluteal line
41
what is the function of gluteus medius?
extension and rotation of the hip
42
where does gluteus minimus attach to the femur?
greater trochanter - anterior border from ilium - inferior gluteal line
43
what is the function of gluteus minimus?
extension and rotation of the hip
44
what attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur?
iliacus
45
where does iliacus attach to the femur?
lesser trochanter from ilium - iliac fossa
46
what is the function of iliacus?
flexes thigh at the hip joint
47
what attaches to the pectineal line of the femur?
pectineus - also to linea aspera
48
where does pectineus attach to the femur?
pectineal line and linea aspera from pubis - pectineal line on superior pubic ramus
49
what is the function of pectineus?
thigh flexion and adduction
50
what attaches to the gluteal tuberosity of the femur?
gluteus maximus from ilium - posterior gluteal line via iliotibial tract; sacrum
51
what is the function of gluteus maximus?
extension and rotation of hip
52
where does vastus medialis attach to the femur?
intertrochanteric line medial lip or linea aspera medial supracondylar line to quadriceps tendon
53
what is the function of vastus medialis?
extension of the leg
54
where does vastus intermedius attach to the femur?
anterior/lateral 2/3 of femur linea aspera lateral supracondylar line to quadriceps tendon; tibia - tibial tuberosity
55
what is the function of vastus intermedius?
extension of knee
56
where does vastus lateralis attach to the femur?
intertrochanteric line interior grater trochanter gluteal tuberosity lateral lip of linea aspera to quadriceps tendon
57
what is the function of vastus lateralis?
extension of leg at knee joint
58
where does adductor longus attach to the femur?
linea aspera from anterior pubis
59
what is the function of adductor longus?
thigh adduction, flexion and rotation
60
where does biceps femoris attach to the femur?
linea aspera, down to lateral supracondylar ridge (short head. long head from ishium) to fibula - lateral side of head tibia - lateral condyle
61
what is the function of biceps femoris?
extension and lateral flexion of knee extension of thigh at hip
62
where does adductor magnus attach to the femur?
linea aspera and adductor tubercle from inferior pubic ramus, ischial tubercle
63
what is the function of adductor magnus?
thigh adduction, extension and rotation
64
what attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the femur?
popliteus
65
where does popliteus attach to the femur?
lateral epicondyle to tibia, upper posterior
66
what is the function of popliteus?
medial rotation and flexion
67
where does gastrocnemius attach to the femur?
superior to articular surfaces of condyles to posterior calcaneus - via achilles
68
what is the function of gastrocnemius?
flexion of knee, foot
69
what are the non-metric traits of the femur?
third trochanter fovea capitis shape femoral bowing Allen's fossa and Poirier's facet (plaque formation and defects of the margin of the femoral head) Anterior femoral neck torsion
70
where is the fibular collateral ligament in the knee joint
above the lateral condyle to fibular head
71
where is the tibial collateral ligament in the knee joint?
above the medial condyle to medial tibial diaphysis
72
where are the cruciate ligaments in the knee joint?
anterior - medial/anterior aspect of the tibial plateau to the lateral femoral condyle posterior - posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial femoral condyle

Forensic Osteology (9 decks)

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