Lower Limb 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the five bones of the instep?
The metatarsal bones
These are numbered along with the digits, with number 1 on the medial side and number 5 on the lateral side.
What are the three parts of each metatarsal?
Head, body (shaft), base
The small, rounded distal part of each metatarsal is the head. The centrally located, long, slender portion is termed the body (shaft). The expanded, proximal end of each metatarsal is the base.
What is the expanded end of the fifth metatarsal called?
Base
The base of the fifth metatarsal is expanded laterally into a prominent rough tuberosity, which provides for the attachment of a tendon.
What is the joint between the middle and distal phalanges called?
Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint
Each joint of the foot has a name derived from the two bones on either side of that joint.
What is the joint at the head of the metatarsal called?
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint
Each of the joints at the head of the metatarsal is a metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint.
What are the sesamoid bones embedded in?
Certain tendons
Several small, detached bones, called sesamoid bones, often are found in the feet and hands.
What is the largest and strongest bone of the foot?
Calcaneus
The posterior portion is often called the heel bone.
What is the largest and strongest bone of the foot?
The calcaneus
The posterior portion is often called the heel bone.
What is the process in the most posterior-inferior part of the calcaneus?
The tuberosity
The tuberosity can be a common site for bone spurs.
Which tendon is attached to the lateral process of the calcaneus?
The Achilles tendon
The medial process is smaller and less pronounced.
What is the ridge of bone visualized laterally on an axial projection of the calcaneus?
Peroneal trochlea
Sometimes called the trochlear process.
What is the deep depression between the posterior and middle articular facets of the talus?
Calcaneal sulcus
Combined with a similar groove of the talus to form the sinus tarsi.
What bone is located between the lower leg and the calcaneus?
Talus
Transmits the weight of the body through the ankle and talocalcaneal joints.
Where is the navicular bone located in the foot?
On the medial side between the talus and the three cuneiforms
Articulates with five bones.
What are the three cuneiforms located between?
The first three metatarsals distally and the navicular proximally
Largest is the medial cuneiform.
Where is the cuboid bone located in the foot?
On the lateral aspect, distal to the calcaneus and proximal to the fourth and fifth metatarsals
Articulates with five bones.
What type of arch consists of a medial and lateral component?
Longitudinal Arch
Provides shock-absorbing support for the weight of the body.
Where is the transverse arch located primarily?
Along the plantar surface of the distal tarsals and tarsometatarsal joints
Made up of wedge-shaped cuneiforms and the cuboid.
What is the transverse arch primarily made up of?
The transverse arch is primarily made up of the wedge-shaped cunei-forms, especially the smaller second and third cuneiforms, in combination with the larger first cuneiform and the cuboid.
Transverse Arch - The transverse arch is located primarily along the plantar surface of the distal tarsals and the tarsometatarsal joints.
Where is the transverse arch located?
The transverse arch is located primarily along the plantar surface of the distal tarsals and the tarsometatarsal joints.
Transverse Arch - The transverse arch is located primarily along the plantar surface of the distal tarsals and the tarsometatarsal joints.
