Lower Limb

Question 1

Anterior muscles

Answer 1

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius (very short/thin)

All innervated by the deep fibula nerve
All act to dorsiflexion the foot/extend the appropriate metatarsal

Question 2

Tibialis anterior

Origin

Answer 2

Lateral surface of the tibia

Question 3

Tibialis anterior

Insertion

Answer 3

Medial cuneiform

Base of metatarsal I

Question 4

Tibialis anterior

Innervation

Answer 4

Deep fibular nerve

Question 5

Tibialis anterior

Function

Answer 5

Dorsiflexion

Inversion

Question 6

Extensor digitorum longus

Origin

Answer 6

Lateral condyle of the tibia

Medial surface of the fibula

Question 7

Extensor digitorum longus

Insertion

Answer 7

Dorsal surface of foot to insert on each toe

Question 8

Extensor digitorum longus

Innervation

Answer 8

Deep fibular nerve

Question 9

Extensor digitorum longus

Function

Answer 9

Extension of the toes (not great toe)

Dorsiflexion

Question 10

Extensor hallucis longus

Origin

Answer 10

Medial surface of the fibula

Question 11

Extensor hallucis longus

Insertion

Answer 11

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 12

Extensor hallucis longus

Innervation

Answer 12

Deep fibular nerve

Question 13

Extensor hallucis longus

Function

Answer 13

Extension of the great toe

Dorsiflexion

Question 14

Fibularis tertius

Description

Answer 14

Very short/thin

Question 15

Fibularis tertius

Origin

Answer 15

Medial surface of the fibula

Question 16

Fibularis tertius

Insertion

Answer 16

Metatarsal V

Question 17

Fibularis tertius

Innervation

Answer 17

Deep fibular nerve

Question 18

Fibular tertius

Function

Answer 18

Dorsiflexion

Eversion of foot

Question 19

Lateral muscles

Answer 19

Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis

Both innervation by superficial fibula nerve
Both evert the foot
Both tendons pass posterior and to lateral malleolus and under the foot

Question 20

Fibularis longus

Origin

Answer 20

Superior/lateral surface of the tibia

Lateral tibial condyle

Question 21

Fibularis longus

Insertion

Answer 21

Medial cuneiform

Base of metatarsal I

Question 22

Fibularis longus

Innervation

Answer 22

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 23

Fibularis longus

Function

Answer 23

Eversion
Plantarflexion
Supports arches of the foot

Question 24

Fibularis brevis

Description

Answer 24

Deeper/shorter

Question 25

Fibularis brevis | Origin

Answer 25

Inferno lateral surface of the fibula

Question 26

Fibularis brevis | Insertion

Answer 26

Tubercle on metatarsal V

Question 27

Fibularis brevis | Innervation

Answer 27

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 28

Fibularis brevis | Function

Answer 28

Eversion

Question 29

Posterior muscles | Compartments

Answer 29

Superficial Deep Acts to plantar flex and invert the foot Innervated by the tibial nerve (terminal branch of sciatic nerve)

Question 30

Posterior superficial muscles

Answer 30

Soleus Gastrocnemius Plantaris

Question 31

Soleus | Origin

Answer 31

Soleal line of the tibia

Question 32

Soleus | Insertion

Answer 32

Joins the calcaneal tendon to attach onto the calcaneus

Question 33

Soleus | Innervation

Answer 33

Tibial nerve

Question 34

Soleus | Function

Answer 34

Plantarflexion

Question 35

Gastrocnemius | Origin

Answer 35

Lateral head = lateral femoral condyle | Medial head = medial femoral condyle

Question 36

Gastrocnemius | Insertion

Answer 36

Joins the calcaneal tendon to attach onto the calcaneus

Question 37

Gastrocnemius | Innervation

Answer 37

Tibial nerve

Question 38

Gastrocnemius | Function

Answer 38

Plantarflexion | Flexes at knee

Question 39

Plantaris | Description

Answer 39

Can be mistaken for a nerve - due to long tendon

Question 40

Plantaris | Origin

Answer 40

Lateral supracondylar line of the femur

Question 41

Plantaris | Insertion

Answer 41

Joins the calcaneal tendon to attach onto the calcaneus

Question 42

Plantaris | Innervation

Answer 42

Tibial nerve

Question 43

Plantaris | Function

Answer 43

Plantarflexion | Flexes at knee

Question 44

Posterior deep muscles

Answer 44

Popliteus Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus

Question 45

Popliteus | Location

Answer 45

Base of the popliteal fossa

Question 46

Popliteus | Origin

Answer 46

Posterior surface of proximal tibia

Question 47

Popliteus | Insertion

Answer 47

Lateral condyle of the femur | Wraps diagonally across knee

Question 48

Popliteus | Innervation

Answer 48

Tibial nerve

Question 49

Popliteus | Function

Answer 49

Laterally rotates the knee (to enable flexion)

Question 50

Tibialis posterior | Origin

Answer 50

Interosseous membrane and posterior surface of tibia and fibula

Question 51

Tibialis posterior | Insertion

Answer 51

Plantar surfaces of medial tarsal bones | Tendons pass poster to medial malleolus

Question 52

Tibialis posterior | Innervation

Answer 52

Tibial nerve

Question 53

Tibialis posterior | Function

Answer 53

Inverts and plantar flexes the foot | Maintains medial arch of foot

Question 54

Flexor hallucis longus | Origin

Answer 54

Posterior surface of fibula

Question 55

Flexor hallucis longus | Insertion

Answer 55

Plantar surface of great toe

Question 56

Flexor hallucis longus | Innervation

Answer 56

Tibial nerve

Question 57

Flexor hallucis longus | Function

Answer 57

Flexes the great toe

Question 58

Flexor digitorum longus | Origin

Answer 58

Medial surface of the tibia

Question 59

Flexor digitorum longus | Insertion

Answer 59

Plantar surfaces of lateral four digits

Question 60

Flexor digitorum longus | Innervation

Answer 60

Tibial nerve

Question 61

Flexor digitorum longus | Function

Answer 61

Flexes the lateral four toes