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ANATOMY > LOWER LIMB: KNEE, KNEE JOINT, LEG AND POPLITEAL FOSSA > Flashcards

LOWER LIMB: KNEE, KNEE JOINT, LEG AND POPLITEAL FOSSA Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

Bones of leg

A

tibia
fibula

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2
Q

function of tibia

A

receives weight from femur and transmits to foot

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3
Q

tibia is second to femur in what aspects?

A

size and weight

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4
Q

Upper articulations of tibia

A

femur & head of fibula

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5
Q

lower articulations of fibula

A

talus & distal end of fibula

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6
Q

tibia articulates with fibula through

A

interosseous membrane

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7
Q

fibula forms ____________ of ankle

A

lateral malleolus

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8
Q

fibula is a part of knee joint
true or false

A

false

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9
Q

function of fibula

A

muscle attachment
stabilises anklejoint

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10
Q

compartments of leg

A

anterior
lateral
posterior

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11
Q

structures that divide leg into compartments

A

posterior intermuscular septa
interosseous membrane

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12
Q

divisions of posterior compartment

A

deep
superficial

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13
Q

muscles of anterior compartment of leg

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibularis (peroneus) tertius

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14
Q

lateral compartment muscles

A

fibularis (peroneus) longus
fibularis (peroneus) brevis

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15
Q

posterior compartment muscles

A

superficial - gastrocnemius
plantaris
soleus

deep - flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
posterior tibialis
popliteus

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16
Q

functions of anterior compartment of muscles

A

dorsiflexion of ankle
extend toes

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17
Q

blood supply of anterior compartment

A

anterior tibial artery

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18
Q

venous drainage of anterior compartment

A

anterior tibial vein

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19
Q

innervation of anterior compartment

A

deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

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20
Q

function of superior extensor retinaculum

A

prevents stringing of muscles

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21
Q

action of lateral compartment muscles

A

eversion of foot

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22
Q

innervation of lateral compartment muscles

A

superficial peroneal nerve

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23
Q

largest compartment of leg

A

posterior compartment

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24
Q

posterior compartment divided into two parts by

A

transverse intermuscular septum

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25
what forms a strong muscular mass in the calf
superficial posterior compartment muscles
26
action & function of superficial posterior compartment
plantarflexes the foot supports & moves the weight of the body
27
contents of superficial posterior compartment
short saphenous vein peroneal communicating branch of common peroneal nerve medial cutaneous nerve sural nerve
28
innervation of posterior compartment
tibial nerve
29
genu varum
medial angulation of legs
30
bones involved in genu varum
tibia & fibula
31
genu valgum
knees angle in & touch each other when legs are straightened
32
genu varum other names
bow-leggedness, bandiness, bandy leg, tibia vara
33
occupational cause of genu varum
jockeys
34
causes of genu varum
rickets trauma skeletal problems infection tumor
35
patella bone type
triangular sesamoid bone
36
apex of patella is connected to tibial tuberosity by
ligamentum patellae
37
patella separated from knee by
subcutaneous bursa
38
function of patella
protection of knee improves leverage of thigh muscle attachment site of quadriceps femoris
39
posterior surface of patella articulates with
femur condyles
40
largest and most complicated joint in our body
knee joint
41
what joints does knee joint consists
condylar joints: tibiofemoral joint patellofemoral joint
42
what type of joint is tibiofemoral joint
synovial hinge joint
43
what type of joint is patellofemoral joint
synovial plane gliding joint
44
capsule is absent in
front of the joint
45
purpose of the opening on the lateral tibial condyle
passage of the popliteus muscle tendon
46
extracapsular ligaments
ligamentum patella medial collateral ligament lateral collateral ligament oblique popliteal ligament
47
ligamentum patella is continuation of
central tendon of quadriceps femoris
48
location of ligamentum patella
medial above to the lower border of patella below to the tibial tuberosity
49
attachments of medial collateral ligament
above to the medial condyle of femur below to the medial surface of shaft of tibia
50
medial collateral ligament is firmly attached to
medial meniscus
51
attachments of lateral collateral ligament
above lateral condyle of femur below head of fibula
52
structure that intervenes between the lateral collateral ligament and lateral meniscus
tendon of popliteus
53
oblique collateral ligament is a tendinous expansion derived from
semimembranosus muscles
54
function of oblique collateral ligament
strengthens posterior aspect of capsule
55
intracapsular ligaments
anterior cruciate ligament posterior cruciate ligament
56
attachments of anterior cruciate ligament
anterior intercondylar area of tibia upward, backward and laterally posterior part of medial surface of lateral femoral condyle
57
function of anterior cruciate ligament
prevents posterior displacement of femur on tibia
58
the acl when knee is flexed
slacks
59
when the knee is fully extended the acl is
taut
60
attachments of posterior cruciate ligament
posterior intercondylar area of tibia upward, forward and medially and below to the lateral surface of medial femoral condyle
61
the pcl when knee is fully flexed
taut
62
the pcl when knee is extended
slacks
63
what are meniscus
crescent shaped thick rubbery bands of cartilage
64
attachment of meniscus
tibia
65
function of meniscus
stabilises knee shock absorbers
66
shape of medial meniscus
semicircular broad behind than front
67
attachments of medial meniscus
anterior horn - anterior intercondylar area of tibia posterior horn - posterior intercondylar area of tibia peripheral border - attached to capsule and medial collateral ligament
68
medial meniscus attaches to lateral meniscus by
transverse ligament
69
attachments of lateral meniscus
anterior horn- anterior intercondylar area in front of intercondylar eminence posterior horn - posterior intercondylar area behind the eminence peripheral border- separated from lateral collateral ligament by tendon of popliteus muscle.
70
joint disorders
dislocations sprains bursitis arthritis
71
dislocations are due to tears in
medial collateral ligament or lateral collateral ligament
72
structure that is targeted in rheumatoid arthritis
synovial membrane of the knee joint
73
in osteoarthritis there is formation of
bone spurs
74
bones of popliteal fossa
femur tibia
75
boundaries of popliteal fossa
superolaterally - biceps tendon superomedially - semimembranosus; semitendinosus inferolaterally and inferomedially - medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius muscle
76
roof of popliteal fossa
fascia lata
77
fascia lata is pierced by
small saphenous vein
78
floor of popliteal fossa
popliteal surface of femur capsule of knee joint oblique collateral ligament popliteus muscle
79
origin of popliteus muscle
anterior end of popliteal groove on lateral femoral condyle
80
insertion of popliteus muscle
triangular area on posterior surface of tibia knee capsule lateral meniscus
81
contents of popliteal fossa
common peroneal nerve tibial nerve popliteal vein popliteal artery fats popliteal LNs
82
branches of popliteal artery
anterior tibial artery posterior tibial artery sural artery medial superior genicular artery medial inferior genicular artery lateral superior genicular artery lateral inferior genicular artery middle genicular artery
83
short saphenous vein arises from
lateral side of dorsal arch of foot
84
short saphenous vein drains the
foot, ankle and back of leg
85
function of popliteal lymph nodes
drain tissue in leg, foot and knee joint
86
tibial nerve passes
vertically down the fossa
87
branches of tibial nerve
muscular (to muscles arising from popliteal fossa) articular- 3 genicular nerve sural nerve
88
common peroneal nerve passes
medial to biceps femoris
89
branches of common peroneal nerve
muscular -none in fossa articular -3 genicular nerves cutaneous - sural communicating nerve

ANATOMY (7 decks)

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