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First Year Osteopathy > Lower limb muscles > Flashcards

Lower limb muscles Flashcards

(87 cards)

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1
Q

Gluteus maximus - Attachments

A

PA: Ilium (posterior to the posterior gluteal line), posterior surface of sacrum & coccyx
DA: iliotibial tract, some fibres gluteal tuberosity of femur

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2
Q

Gluteus maximus - N/S & Action

A

N/S - inferior gluteal nerve
A - extend hip joint, assists external rotation of hip

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3
Q

Gluteus medius - Attachments

A

PA - illium, between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
DA - lateral surface of the greater trochanter of femur

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4
Q

Gluteus medius - N/S & Action

A

N/S - superior gluteal nerve
A - abduct and internally rotate hip joint, keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing

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5
Q

Gluteus minimus - Attachments

A

PA - ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
DA - anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

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6
Q

Gluteus minimus - N/S & Action

A

N/S - superior gluteal nerve
A - abduct and internally rotate hip joint, keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing

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7
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata - Attachments

A

PA - anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
DA - iliotibial tract, which then attaches to the anterolateral tubercle of tibia

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8
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata - N/S & Action

A

N/S - superior gluteal nerve
A - abduct and internally rotate hip joint

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9
Q

Piriformis - Attachments

A

PA - anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
DA - superior border of greater trochanter of femur

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10
Q

Piriformis - N/S & Action

A

N/S - nerve to piriformis
A - externally rotate an extended hip joint, abduct a flexed hip joint, stabilise hip joint

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11
Q

Obturator Internus - Attachments

A

PA - internal surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
DA - trochanteric fossa of femur

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12
Q

Obturator Internus - N/S & Action

A

N/S - nerve to obturator internus
A - externally rotate an extended hip joint, abduct a flexed hip joint, stabilise hip joint

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13
Q

Superior Gemellus - Attachments

A

PA - Ischial spine
DA - Trochanteric fossa of femur

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14
Q

Superior Gemellus - N/S & Action

A

N/S - nerve to obturator internus
A - externally rotate an extended hip joint, abduct a flexed hip joint, stabilise hip joint

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15
Q

Inferior Gemellus - Attachments

A

PA - Ischial tuberosity
DA - trochanteric fossa of femur

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16
Q

Inferior Gemellus - N/S & Action

A

N/S - nerve to quadratus femoris
A - externally rotate an extended hip joint, abduct a flexed hip joint, stabilise hip joint

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17
Q

Quadratus Femoris - Attachments

A

PA - Ischial tuberosity
DA - Quadrate tubercle of the femur

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18
Q

Quadratus Femoris - N/S & Action

A

N/S - nerve to quadratus femoris
A - externally rotate hip joint, stabilise hip joint

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19
Q

Pectineus - Attachments

A

PA - superior ramus of pubis
DA - pectineal line of femur

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20
Q

Pectineus - N/S & Action

A

N/S - femoral nerve
A - adduct and flex hip joint

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21
Q

Psoas Major - Attachments

A

PA - sides and transverse process of T12-L4 vertebrae and discs between them
DA - lesser trochanter of femur

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22
Q

Psoas Major - N/S & Action

A

N/S - anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1-3
A - flexion and external rotation of hip joint, stabilises hip joint when standing, flex and side bend trunk

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23
Q

Iliacus - Attachments

A

PA - iliac crest and fossa, sacral ala
DA - lesser trochanter of femur

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24
Q

Iliacus - N/S & Action

A

N/S - femoral nerve
A - flexion and external rotation of hip joint, stabilises hip joint when standing

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25
Sartorius - Attachments
PA - anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) DA - superior part of medial surface of tibia
26
Sartorius - N/S & Action
N/S - femoral nerve A - flexion, abduction, external rotation of hip joint, flexion and internal rotation of knee joint
27
Quadriceps femoris (Rectus femoris) - Attachments
PA - AIIS DA - via quadriceps tendon to base of patella, then via patellar tendon from apex of patella to tibial tuberosity
28
Quadriceps femoris (Vastus lateralis) - Attachments
PA - greater trochanter & lateral lip linea aspera DA - via quadriceps tendon to base of patella, then via patellar tendon from apex of patella to tibial tuberosity, into tibia via lateral patellar retinacula
29
Quadriceps femoris (Vastus medialis) - Attachments
PA - intertocheranteric line & medial lip of linea aspera DA - via quadriceps tendon to base of patella, then via patellar tendon from apex of patella to tibial tuberosity, into tibia via medial patellar retinacula
30
Quadriceps femoris (Vastus intermedius) - Attachments
PA - anterior & lateral aspect of shaft of femur DA - via quadriceps tendon to base of patella, then via patellar tendon from apex of patella to tibial tuberosity
31
Quadriceps femoris - N/S & Action
N/S - femoral nerve A - extend knee joint, rectus femoris can also flex hip joint
32
Adductor Longus - Attachment
PA - Body of pubis DA - middle third of linea aspera of femur
33
Adductor longus - N/S & Action
N/S - obturator nerve A - adducts hip joint
34
Adductor brevis - attachments
PA - body and inferior ramus of pubis DA - pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
35
Adductor brevis - N/S & Action
N/S - Obturator nerve A - adduct and flex hip joint
36
Adductor Magnus (adductor part) - Attachments
PA - Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium DA - gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera & medial supracondylar line of femur
37
Adductor Magnus (adductor part) - N/S & Action
N/S - obturator nerve A - adduct & flex hip joint
38
Adductor Magnus (hamstring part) - Attachments
PA - Ischial tuberosity DA - adductor tubercle of the femur
39
Adductor Magnus (hamstring part) - N/S & Action
N/S - tibial divison of the sciatic nerve A - addcut & extend hip joint
40
Gracilis - Attachments
PA - body and inferior ramus of pubis DA - superior part of medial surface of tibia
41
Gracilis - N/S & Action
N/S - obturator nerve A - Adduct hip joint, flex and internally rotate knee joint
42
Obturator externus - Attachments
PA - external surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone DA - trochanteric fossa
43
Obturator externus - N/S & Action
N/S - Obturator nerve A - external rotation of hip joint, stabilizes hip joint
44
Semitendinosus - Attachments
PA - Ischial tuberosity DA - superior part of medial surface of tibia
45
Semitendinosus - N/S & Action
N/S - tibial division of sciatic nerve A - extend hip joint, flex & internally rotate knee joint
46
Semimembranosus - Attachments
PA - ischial tuberosity DA - posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament
47
Semimembranosus - N/S & Action
N/S - tibial division of sciatic nerve A - extend hip joint, flex & internally rotate knee joint
48
Biceps femoris - Attachments
PA - long head: ischial tuberosity; short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur DA - head of fibula
49
Biceps femoris - N/S & Action
N/S - long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve; short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve A - flex and externally rotate knee joint, long head can also extend hip joint
50
Tibialis Anterior - Attachments
PA - Lateral condyle and superior half of the lateral surface of the tibia DA - Inferior surface of medial cuneiform and base 1st metatarsal
51
Tibialis Anterior - N/S & Action
N/S- Deep fibular nerve A- Dorsiflex ankle joint & invert subtalar joint
52
Extensor Digitorum Longus - Attachments
PA- Lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula DA- Middle & distal phalanges lateral 4 digits
53
Extensor Digitorum Longus - N/S & Action
N/S- Deep fibular nerve A - extend lateral 4 digits and dorsiflex ankle joint
54
Extensor Hallucis Longus - Attachments
PA- Fibula and interosseous membrane DA- Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
55
Extensor Hallucis Longus - N/S & Action
N/S- Deep fibular nerve A- Extend great toe and dorsiflex ankle joint
56
Fibularis Tertius - Attachments
PA- Inferior third of fibula and interosseous membrane DA- Base of the 5th metatarsal
57
Fibularis Tertius - N/S & Action
N/S- Deep fibular nerve A- Dorsiflex ankle joint and evert subtalar joint
58
Fibularis Longus - Attachments
PA- Head and superior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula DA- Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
59
Fibularis Longus - N/S & Action
N/S- Superficial fibular nerve A- Evert subtalar joint and weakly plantarflex ankle joint
60
Fibularis Brevis - Attachments
PA- Inferior two thirds of the lateral surface of fibula DA- Tuberosity on base of 5th metatarsal
61
Fibularis Brevis - N/S & Action
N/S- Superficial fibular nerve A- Evert subtalar joint and weakly plantarflex ankle joint
62
Gastrocnemius - Attachments
PA- Lateral head: lateral condyle of femur Medial head: superior to medial condyle of femur DA- Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
63
Gastrocnemius - N/S & Action
N/S- Tibial nerve A- Plantarflex ankle joint (particularly when knee is extended). Flex knee joint
64
Soleus - Attachments
PA- Head & posterior surface of fibula, soleal line and medial border of tibia, (tendinous arch extends between bony attachments) DA- Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
65
Soleus - N/S & Action
N/S- Tibial nerve A- Plantarflex ankle joint
66
Plantaris - Attachments
PA- Lateral supracondylar line of femur DA- Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
67
Plantaris - N/S & Action
N/S- Tibial nerve A- Weak plantarflexion of ankle joint
68
Popliteus - Attachments
PA- Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus DA- Posterior surface of the tibia, superior to soleal line
69
Popliteus - N/S & Action
N/S- Tibial nerve A- Weak flexion of knee joint. Unlocks knee by externally rotating femur (closed chain) OR internally rotating tibia (open chain)
70
Tibialis posterior - Attachments
PA- Posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, interosseous membrane, posterior surface of fibula DA- Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus, bases of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals
71
Tibialis posterior - N/S & Action
N/S- Tibial nerve A- Plantarflex ankle joint and invert subtalar joint
72
Flexor digitorum longus - Attachments
PA- Posterior surface of tibia, inferior to soleal line DA- Distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
73
Flexor digitorum longus - N/S & Action
N/S- Tibial nerve A- Flex lateral 4 digits, plantarflex ankle joint, support longitudinal arches of the foot
74
Flexor hallucis longus - Attachments
PA- Posterior surface of fibula & interosseous membrane DA- Plantar surface of distal phalanx of the great toe (hallux)
75
Flexor hallucis longus - N/S & Action
N/S- Tibial nerve A- Flex great toe, weak plantarflexion of ankle joint, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
76
Adductor Hallucis Brevis - N/S & Action
N/S - medial plantar nerve A - Abduct and flex 1st digit
77
Flexor Hallucis Brevis - N/S & Action
N/S - medial plantar nerve Action - flex 1st digit
78
Adductor Hallucis - N/S & Action
N/S - lateral plantar nerve A - Adduct 1st digit, support transverse foot arch
79
Abductor Digiti Minimi - N/S & Action
N/S - lateral plantar nerve A - Abduct and flex 5th digit
80
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis - N/S & Action
N/S - lateral plantar nerve A - Flex 5th digit
81
Flexor Digitorum Brevis - N/S & Action
N/S - medial plantar nerve A - Flex digits 2-5
82
Quadratus plantae - N/S & Action
N/S - lateral plantar nerve A - Assists flexor digitorum longus to flex digits 2-5
83
Plantar Interossei - N/S & Action
N/S - lateral plantar nerve A - Adduct and flex digits 3-5 at metatarsophalangeal joints
84
Dorsal Interossei - N/S & Action
N/S - Lateral plantar nerve A - Abduct and flex digits 2-4 at metatarsophalangeal joints
85
Extensor Digitorum Brevis - N/S & Action
N/S - deep fibular nerve A - extend digits 2-5
86
Extensor Hallucis Brevis - N/S & Action
N/S - deep fibular nerve A - extend great toe
87
Lumbricals (4 of them)
N/S - medial one: medial plantar nerve; lateral three: lateral plantar nerve A - flex metatarsophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5

First Year Osteopathy (8 decks)

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